titulus Latin · revision 3564

15 Oct 2026, 19:50 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Cicero}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈtɪ.tʊ.ɫʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈtiː.tu.lus]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''titulus''' ''m'' (genitive titulī); second declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ The origin is uncertain.^(OLD 2012) It is possibly borrowed from Etruscan.^(Wiktionary) Lewis and Short connected it with the root of [[grc|τιμάω|tr=timáō|t=to honour]], an old guess.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD cites it from an early inscription marking a boundary,^(OLD 2012) and Köbler dates it from Cicero (81–43 BC).^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It was a tablet or label of wood or stone with a notice on it, such as a notice that something was for sale or to let, or the label hung round a slave's neck at a sale.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) It meant an inscription, as Livy's bronze plate recording a vow, and the title of a book or chapter, as in Ovid.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ From this it meant a name or title of honour, as Cicero's “the title of wise man”, a fair-sounding name that masked the truth, as in Livy, and a claim to glory.^(OLD 2012) In law it was the head under which an action fell, and in Medieval Latin a legal ground or right, a reason or pretext.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) English ''title'' came from it through Old French about 1300, first of the inscription on Christ's cross, and ''tittle'' and ''tilde'' are later forms of the same word.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a title of honour.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of inscriptions and pretexts.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of a book's title.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1300 – English ''title'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A tablet, placard, [[m|en|label]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # An [[m|en|inscription]]; an [[m|en|epitaph]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # The title or heading (of a book or chapter).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # A name, title, description.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A specious name, [[m|en|pretext]].^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ # ''(law)'' A head, ground (of an action).^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ # A claim to fame, distinction.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[en|title]]
+ * [[en|tittle]]
+ * [[en|tilde]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}