celo Latin · revision 3562

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ḱel-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkeː.ɫoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈt͡ʃɛː.lo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cēlō''' (present infinitive cēlāre, perfect active cēlāvī, supine cēlātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*kēl-e/o-]], probably made from a noun with a long vowel, [[ine-pro|*ḱēl-|t=hiding place]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The plain thematic verb *ḱel-e- survives in [[occulo|alt=occulō]] “to hide”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) [[clam]] “secretly” and [[cella]] “storeroom” belong to the same root.^(Wiktionary)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ Cognate with [[sa|शर्मन्|tr=śárman|t=shelter]], [[sga|ceilid|t=hides]] and [[goh|helan|t=to conceal]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus onwards,^(de Vaan 2008) who has someone hide “the man and the gold”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to hide from view, as in Plautus, and to contain hidden within, as Horace's birds and fish that conceal a taste unlike the familiar one.^(OLD 2012) Most often it meant to keep a fact secret, and with a double accusative to keep someone in ignorance of something, as in Plautus' “when you hid these scandals from me”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ It also meant to shield a person by hiding who they were, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012) Its compound ''concelare'' gave English ''conceal'' in the early 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of hiding a man and gold, and of keeping someone in ignorance.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it in the sense “to keep secret”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of keeping an opinion secret.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 14th century – English ''conceal'' comes from its compound ''concelare''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|hide]], conceal from view.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To contain hidden within.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To disguise.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To keep secret.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(with accusative of person)'' To keep (someone) in ignorance (of something).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To shield (a person) by concealing their identity.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cēlātim]]

+ * [[cēlātor]]

+ * [[concēlō]]

+ * [[incelatus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cella]]

+ * [[occulō]]

+ * [[clam]]

+ * [[en|conceal]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes ''celare'', keeping something secret, from ''occulere'', hiding a material object.^(Döderlein 1874) A different word ''cēlō'', ''cēlōnis'', a stallion, comes from [[grc|κήλων|tr=kḗlōn|t=stallion]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}