crepida Latin · revision 35594

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=81/79–52/50 BC, Catullus|origins=grc κρηπίς}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈkrɛ.pɪ.da]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈkrɛː.pi.da]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''crepida''' ''f'' (genitive crepidae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|κρηπίς|tr=krēpís|t=man's shoe]],^(OLD 2012)^(Saalfeld 1874)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) taken from the accusative [[m|grc|κρηπῖδα|tr=krēpîda]], with its vowels shortened by a shift of the accent.^(OLD 2012) The TLL notes that the word was reshaped as if it came from [[crepō]] “to rattle”.^(TLL) Köbler compares the Greek word with [[ine-pro|*krēp-|t=rag, shoe]].^(Köbler 2010)^(Pokorny 1959) Isidore of Seville said the sandals were so called because they are fastened with a sound, or from the noise of the feet in walking.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and the TLL find it first in Catullus,^(Köbler 2010)^(TLL) who speaks of rawhide peasant ''crepidae'' (''crepidās carbatinās'').^(TLL)^(Georges 1913) Cicero mentions a statue on the Capitol showing Lucius Scipio in a Greek cloak and ''crepidae''.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It named the Greek sandal, a thick sole fastened to the foot with straps, which on a Roman was usually thought an affectation;^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Lewis and Short give [[solea]] as the native Latin word.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy describes Scipio walking about the gymnasium in a Greek cloak and ''crepidae''.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913) Gellius notes that the Romans called these shoes ''crepidae'' and ''crepidulae'', with a short first syllable, and their makers ''crepidāriī''.^(TLL)

+

+ Horace has the wise man who never made himself ''crepidae'' and yet is a cobbler.^(TLL) Pliny the Elder tells how Apelles, corrected by a cobbler about a sandal, forbade him to judge above the sandal, which gave the proverb ''nē suprā crepidam sūtor iūdicāret'', “let the cobbler stick to his last”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Conte 2010) Isidore notes that the same ''crepida'' fitted either foot.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus speaks of rawhide ''crepidae''.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero mentions a statue of Scipio in ''crepidae''.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy describes Scipio wearing them in the gymnasium.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder records the proverb about the cobbler.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius discusses the name and its short first syllable.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A Greek [[m|en|sandal]], a thick sole fastened to the foot by straps.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(loosely)'' A sandal or shoe.^(Wiktionary)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[crepidārius]]

+ * [[crepidātus]]

+ * [[crepidula]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[crepīdō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The proverb ''nē suprā crepidam sūtor iūdicāret'' (Pliny the Elder, ''Natural History'' 35.85; also in Valerius Maximus) is the source of the saying “cobbler, stick to your last”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}