Experte German · revision 35589

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1830|origins=la experior}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ɛksˈpɛʁtə/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Experte''' ''m'' (genitive Experten, plural Experten, feminine Expertin)^(Wiktionary)

+ In the 19th century the form ''Expert'' was also used.^(DFWB)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fr|expert|t=expert; experienced]], borrowed in the early 19th century.^(Kluge 2011|267)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DFWB)^(Duden 7 2020|249) This goes back to [[la|expertus|t=experienced, tried, proven]], the past participle of [[m|la|experior|t=to try, test]], the verb behind [[Experiment]].^(Kluge 2011|267)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DFWB) The same loan is found in [[nl|expert]], [[en|expert]] and [[sv|expert]].^(Kluge 2011|267)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record (1830) is legal: the evidence of inspection is usually combined with ''die Zuziehung Sachverständiger (Experten)'' “calling in experts”, whose findings the judge checks with his own senses.^(DFWB)^(DWB2|8, 2512)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The word was first used of legal and commercial matters; a commercial dictionary of 1836 glosses ''Expert'' as “expert witness”.^(DFWB) It then spread to cultural, economic and political life, meaning a person, often a scholar, with outstanding knowledge of a field, as opposed to a layman; it is sometimes positive, “particularly competent”, and often negative, “elitist, arrogant”.^(DFWB) Many compounds name the field, such as ''Finanzexperte'' and ''Wirtschaftsexperte''.^(Paul 2002) [[Expertise]] “expert's report”, from French ''expertise'', is recorded in 1843.^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1830 – First record, in legal language.^(DFWB)^(DWB2|8, 2512)

+ * 1835 – Schweizer's dictionary of foreign words has ''Expertenbericht'' “experts' report”.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 1836 – ''Expert'' in a dictionary of commercial language.^(DFWB)

+ * 1843 – ''Expertise'' appears in Kaltschmidt's dictionary of foreign words.^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|expert]], a [[m|en|specialist]] with special knowledge of a field: ''ein Experte für Arbeitsrecht''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Expertin]]

+ * [[Expertise]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Experiment]]

+ * [[en|expert]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}