entdecken German · revision 35583

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=790/802, Old High German Benedictine Rule|origins=gem-pro *þakjaną}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ɛntˈdɛkən/, [ɛntˈd̥ɛ.kŋ̍], [-kən]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''entdecken''' (third-person singular present entdeckt, past tense entdeckte, past participle entdeckt, auxiliary haben)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|endecken]], [[inh|goh|intdecken|t=to uncover]], a formation with the prefix [[ent-]] on [[decken]].^(Kluge 2011|247)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DWB2|8, 1360) The same formation is [[gml|entdecken]] and [[nl|ontdekken|t=to uncover, discover]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DWB2|8, 1360) The base verb continues [[gem-pro|*þakjaną|t=to cover]], probably a verb from the noun [[Dach]], and is the same word as [[ang|þeccan]], [[non|þekja]] and [[en|thatch]].^(Kluge 2011|184)^(EWA|2, 553) A variant spelling with a single t, from the assimilated group /td/, is found from the 10th century and in Upper German into the 17th.^(DWB2|8, 1340)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The earliest record is the Old High German Benedictine Rule (790–802), where spiritual fathers know how to heal wounds without uncovering (''intdecchan'') and exposing those of others.^(DWB2|8, 1360) The word meant “to uncover, bare, reveal, disclose”, and Old High German already used it of lies being revealed.^(Köbler AHD)^(Duden 7 2020|236)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The concrete sense “to uncover, bare” lasted into the 18th century, as in Luther's ''entblösse den Fus / entdecke den schenckel'' and Wieland's ''den Busen halb entdeckt''.^(Paul 2002) Dutch still has it, but German replaced it with [[aufdecken]] and [[entblößen]] from the 17th century, and it was obsolete by the 20th.^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020|236)^(DWB2|8, 1360) From Middle High German on, ''jemandem etwas entdecken'' meant “to tell, reveal something to someone”, as in Schiller's ''entdeckt ich dir, was mich von hinnen ruft''.^(Duden 7 2020|236)^(Paul 2002)

+

+ The modern sense “to find something unknown” developed from the 16th century, perhaps under the influence of French ''découvrir'', and has parallels in Italian ''scoprire'', Portuguese ''descobrir'' and English ''discover''.^(Kluge 2011|247)^(DWB2|8, 1360)^(Pfeifer 1993) Kant distinguished it from [[erfinden]]: what is discovered already existed, what is invented did not.^(Paul 2002) [[Entdecker]] meant a knacker in the 15th century and took its modern sense “discoverer” in the 17th.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 790/802 – Old High German ''intdecchan'' “to uncover” in the Benedictine Rule.^(DWB2|8, 1360)

+ * 10th century – The assimilated form ''entecken'' appears.^(DWB2|8, 1340)

+ * 15th century – ''Entdecker'' means a knacker.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 16th century – The sense “to find something unknown” appears.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DWB2|8, 1360)

+ * 17th century – ''Entdecker'' “discoverer” is recorded.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 20th century – The sense “to uncover” is obsolete.^(DWB2|8, 1360)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|discover]], find something not known before: ''einen Kometen entdecken''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To find something hidden or searched for, track down: ''einen Fehler in der Rechnung entdecken''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # To notice unexpectedly, come across: ''ein Talent an sich entdecken'', ''jemanden in der Menge entdecken''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # ''(elevated, dated)'' To [[m|en|reveal]], confide: ''jemandem ein Geheimnis entdecken''; reflexive, “to open one's heart”.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Entdecker]]

+ * [[Entdeckung]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[decken]]

+ * [[aufdecken]]

+ * [[Dach]]

+ * [[en|thatch]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}