entsprechen German · revision 35543

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=12th century|origins=gmw-pro *sprekan}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * [ʔɛntˈʃpʁɛçən]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''entsprechen''' (class 4 strong, third-person singular present entspricht, past tense entsprach, past participle entsprochen, past subjunctive entspräche, auxiliary haben)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|entsprechen|t=to answer, retort; to defend oneself]], [[af|de|ent-|sprechen]].^(Kluge 2011|249)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DWB2|8, 1504) The Middle High German verb meant “to answer, reply”, also “to talk someone out of something” and, used reflexively, “to defend or excuse oneself”.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Köbler MHD)

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+ The base verb [[sprechen]] is a West Germanic strong verb whose further origin is not certain.^(Kluge 2011|871)^(Duden 7 2020)

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+ The modern sense “to correspond, be in keeping with” is probably a semantic loan: Kluge and Paul take it from [[fr|répondre|t=to answer; to correspond]], which joins the same two meanings,^(Kluge 2011|249)^(Paul 2002) while Pfeifer compares other verbs for answering that took this sense, such as [[la|respondeō|t=to answer]].^(Pfeifer 1993)

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+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The verb is first recorded in the 12th century.^(Kluge 2011|249) The revised Grimms' dictionary quotes the ''Jüngere Judith'' (1130/50), where Judith answers her people: ''dû ensprach iz aver Jûdith dû schône'' (“then Judith answered it fairly”).^(DWB2|8, 1504) Tauler (14th century) still uses it for “to reply”.^(DWB2|8, 1504)

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+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The new sense appears in Alemannic in the 16th century, according to Pfeifer.^(Pfeifer 1993) Geiler von Kaysersberg wrote that deed and name should ''einander entsprechen'' (“correspond to one another”),^(DWB|3, 628)^(Paul 2002) and the revised Grimms' dictionary quotes him from 1510.^(DWB2|8, 1504) The old sense lasted into the 18th century: Frisch's dictionary of 1741 still glosses the verb as Latin ''respondere''.^(DWB2|8, 1504)^(Paul 2002)

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+ The general use in the sense “to agree, correspond” dates from the middle of the 18th century.^(Pfeifer 1993) Wieland used it in writings printed in Zurich in 1758, and in 1759 Lessing approved of it in the ''Briefe, die neueste Literatur betreffend''.^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993) Lessing took it for a Swiss word, while the Grimms' dictionary thought it common to southern Germany and modelled on French ''répondre'' and ''correspondre'';^(DWB|3, 628) Stieler, Dasypodius and Maaler do not list it.^(DWB|3, 628) From the sense “to agree with” came “to satisfy, live up to” (an expectation, a demand), recorded in Wieland's ''Agathon'' (1767).^(DWB2|8, 1504)

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+ The present participle ''entsprechend'' became an adjective (“corresponding, appropriate”) and a preposition with the dative meaning “in accordance with”;^(Paul 2002) Goethe always placed the preposition after its noun, but today it also stands before it.^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1130/50 – ''Jüngere Judith'': the verb in the sense “to answer”.^(DWB2|8, 1504)

+ * 14th century – Tauler uses it for “to reply”.^(DWB2|8, 1504)

+ * 1510 – Geiler von Kaysersberg uses it for “to be equal to, correspond”.^(DWB2|8, 1504)

+ * 1741 – Frisch's dictionary still gives the sense “to answer”.^(DWB2|8, 1504)^(Paul 2002)

+ * 1758 – Wieland uses the new sense in his Zurich writings.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 1759 – Lessing approves of the new sense.^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 1767 – Wieland's ''Agathon'' has “to live up to (an expectation)”.^(DWB2|8, 1504)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|correspond]] to, agree with, be equal to or in keeping with (with the dative): ''Der Preis entspricht der Qualität.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|meet]], comply with, grant (a wish, a request, a demand): ''Die Behörde entsprach dem Gesuch.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

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+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dementsprechend]]

+ * [[entsprechend]]

+ * [[Entsprechung]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[antworten]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}