Text German · revision 35539

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=14th century|origins=la texō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /tɛkst/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Text''' ''m'' (genitive Textes or Texts, plural Texte)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|text]], [[bor|la|textus|t=sequence, connection (of speech); literally a weaving, fabric]].^(Kluge 2011|915)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DFWB) The Latin noun belongs to [[m|la|texō|t=to weave, plait; to join together]];^(Kluge 2011|915)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020) in Medieval Latin it also meant the wording of the Gospels and the Scriptures.^(DFWB)^(Paul 2002) The Latin verb is related to [[grc|τέχνη|tr=tékhnē|t=craft, art, skill]] (see [[Technik]]) and [[m|grc|τέκτων|tr=téktōn|t=carpenter, builder]].^(Kluge 2011|915)^(Duden 7 2020)

+

+ The same word is [[nl|tekst]], [[en|text]], [[fr|texte]], [[sv|text]] and [[is|texti]].^(Kluge 2011|915)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The word was borrowed in the middle of the 14th century, in late Middle High German.^(DFWB)^(Duden 7 2020) Köbler's earliest source is the Middle High German paraphrase of the Book of Daniel (about 1331).^(Köbler MHD) The early records concern the wording of the Bible: a paraphrase of Job (before 1350) has ''Nu wil ich deme texte na'' (“Now I will follow the text”), and a text of about 1380 asks for ''Den Text und nit die glos'' (“the text and not the gloss”).^(Paul 2002)^(DFWB)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the Bible the word passed to the original wording of any poem or document, as opposed to a commentary or translation (hence ''Urtext'').^(Paul 2002)^(DWB|21, 294) It was also used early for the words of a song, “written under the notes and woven in with them”, as Simon Rot's dictionary of 1571 puts it;^(Paul 2002)^(DWB|21, 294) Mathesius wrote ''der text ist der noten seele'' (“the text is the soul of the notes”).^(Paul 2002)^(DWB|21, 294) From this came the sense of the words accompanying a picture, and in advertising the copy written for it; the verb ''texten'' and the noun ''Texter'' (writer of advertising copy or song lyrics) date from the middle of the 20th century.^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020)

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+ Opitz used it for the connected words of a speech or writing, and it came to mean the theme or subject of a talk, a use already found in the Shrovetide plays.^(Paul 2002) In linguistics ''Text'' became a technical term for a coherent sequence of signs with a recognizable communicative function.^(Paul 2002) The phrase ''jemandem den Text lesen'' “to read someone the text” (to lecture someone) comes from the reading of the Bible passage in church.^(Paul 2002)^(Duden GWDS 1999) English borrowed ''Urtext'' in 1932.^(LWP)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1331 – Middle High German ''text'' in the paraphrase of the Book of Daniel.^(Köbler MHD)

+ * c. 1350 – Borrowing from Latin dated by the ''Deutsches Fremdwörterbuch''.^(DFWB)

+ * c. 1380 – ''Den Text und nit die glos''.^(Paul 2002)^(DFWB)

+ * 1539 – Georg Forster's song collection discusses the texts of the songs.^(DWB|21, 294)

+ * 1571 – Simon Rot defines it as the words of a song written under the notes.^(Paul 2002)

+ * Mid-20th century – ''texten'' and ''Texter'' appear.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 1932 – English borrows ''Urtext''.^(LWP)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|text]]: a fixed, connected sequence of statements, usually written; the wording of something.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A piece of text, an [[m|en|excerpt]] from a book.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # The words, [[m|en|lyrics]] of a piece of music.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A Bible passage taken as the basis of a [[m|en|sermon]].^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|caption]] to an illustration.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[texten]]

+ * [[Texter]]

+ * [[Blindtext]]

+ * [[Fließtext]]

+ * [[Klappentext]]

+ * [[Liedtext]]

+ * [[Songtext]]

+ * [[Textverarbeitung]]

+ * [[Urtext]]

+ * [[Videotext]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Kontext]]

+ * [[textil]]

+ * [[Technik]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Aus dem Text kommen'' (colloquial) is to lose the thread, and ''Weiter im Text!'' (colloquial) means “go on!”.^(Duden GWDS 1999) In printing, ''die Text'' (feminine) is a type size of 20 points.^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}