evangelisch German · revision 35498

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=810–817, Murbacher Hymnen|origins=grc εὐαγγέλιον}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /evaŋˈɡeːlɪʃ/, /efaŋ-/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''evangelisch''' (strong nominative masculine singular evangelischer, comparative evangelischer, superlative am evangelischsten)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|ēwangēlisch]], [[inh|goh|evangēlisc]], [[bor|la-ecc|euangelicus|t=of the gospel]], from [[grc|εὐαγγελικός|tr=euangelikós]], an adjective of [[m|grc|εὐαγγέλιον|tr=euangélion|t=good news, gospel]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(DFWB) The Greek noun is formed from [[m|grc|εὐάγγελος|tr=euángelos|t=bringing good news]], from [[m|grc|εὖ|tr=eû|t=well]] and [[m|grc|ἄγγελος|tr=ángelos|t=messenger]].^(Kluge 2011|264)^(Pfeifer 1993) The noun reached Old High German as [[m|goh|evangēlio]], and Gothic has [[m|got|𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉|tr=aiwaggeljo]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Kluge 2011|264) The older German forms were adapted to German sounds, and learned influence restored the Latin form in Early New High German.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Old High German ''evangēlisc'' appears in the Murbacher Hymnen (810–817), in a line about the voice of the gospel, and in an 11th-century text on Christ's preaching to the heathens.^(Köbler AHD)^(DWB2|8, 2450) It meant “of the gospel, according to the gospel”.^(Kluge 2011|264)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Late Middle High German ''ēwangēlisch'' meant “of the gospel”, and also “Christian, devout”.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Köbler MHD) Luther first used the word in this sense too, but for him the gospel was the whole Bible as the only basis of faith; from 1520 he applied it to his own teaching, and in the 1520s it became the name of the Lutheran confession.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Paul 2002)^(Kluge 2011|264) In the struggles of the Reformation both sides claimed it as a slogan for the true faith.^(FWB) Today it means “Protestant”, as opposed to [[katholisch]], while the older sense “of the gospel” survives in theology, as in ''die evangelischen Räte'', the counsels of poverty, chastity and obedience.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)^(DWB2|8, 2450)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 810–817 – Old High German ''evangēlisc'' in the Murbacher Hymnen.^(Köbler AHD)

+ * 1343 – Middle High German ''ēwangēlisch''.^(Köbler MHD)

+ * 1520 – Luther applies the word to his own teaching.^(Paul 2002)^(DFWB)

+ * 1520s – It becomes the name of the Lutheran confession.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|protestant|alt=Protestant]]: belonging to the churches that came out of the [[Reformation]], especially the [[m|en|Lutheran]] and Reformed churches.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Christianity)'' Of or according to the [[m|en|gospel]].^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Evangelische]]

+ * [[evangelisch-lutherisch]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Evangelium]]

+ * [[Evangelist]]

+ * [[Evangeliar]]

+ * [[Engel]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The abbreviation is ''ev.''^(Duden GWDS 1999) The pronunciation with /f/ is a common variant beside /v/;^(Wiktionary)^(Kluge 2011|264) Kluge notes that the confessional sense was at first pronounced with ''ew-''.^(Wiktionary)^(Kluge 2011|264)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}