Verband German · revision 35480

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1577|origins=ine-pro *bʰendʰ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ferˈbant/, [fɐˈbant], [fɛɐ̯-]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Verband''' ''m'' (genitive Verbandes or Verbands, plural Verbände)^(Wiktionary)

+ The plural, rare in older German, is now ''Verbände''; it was formerly also ''Verbande'' without umlaut, as in Klopstock.^(DWB|25, 90)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a noun formed from the verb [[verbinden]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Wiktionary)^(Duden GWDS 1999) Paul's first record, from 1577, is in a work on architecture by Vredeman, where it means the joining of stones into masonry.^(Paul 2002) Wiktionary suggests that it was modelled on [[nl|verband]], [[dum|verbant]] (about 1300), since several early records are translations from Dutch; [[gml|vorbant]] is found in the 15th century.^(Wiktionary) The Grimms' dictionary noted that it was unknown in the older language and still missing from Stieler and Frisch.^(DWB|25, 90)

+

+ The verb is a West Germanic prefixed form of [[binden]], which is [[m|goh|bintan]], from [[gem-pro|*bindaną]], the same word as [[got|𐌱𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽|tr=bindan]] and [[en|bind]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Kluge 2011|124) It continues [[ine-pro|*bʰendʰ-|t=to bind]], also in [[sa|बध्नाति|tr=badhnā́ti|t=binds]] and [[grc|πεῖσμα|tr=peîsma|t=ship's cable]].^(Kluge 2011|124)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In its first record, in Vredeman's ''Architectura'' of 1577, ''Verband'' is a building term for the bonding of stones in masonry.^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the 18th century the word was used figuratively for any connection, as when Kant speaks of the ''Verband'' of all concrete concepts.^(Paul 2002) From the early 18th century it also meant a bandage, from ''verbinden'' “to bind up a wound”: Steinbach records it in 1734, and Adelung and Campe know only this concrete sense.^(Paul 2002)^(DWB|25, 90)^(Adelung 1793)

+

+ From the 19th century it named an organized union of members into a larger unit, as in ''Zollverband'' and ''Reichsverband'', and probably only from the early 20th century a military formation made up of smaller units.^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1577 – First record, as a building term for the bond of masonry.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 1734 – Steinbach records the sense “bandage”.^(Paul 2002)^(DWB|25, 90)

+ * 18th century – Kant uses it figuratively for a connection of concepts.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 19th century – First record of the sense “association, union”.^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * Early 20th century – Used for a military formation.^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|bandage]] or [[m|en|dressing]] for a wound or a broken bone: ''Die Ärztin wechselte den Verband.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # An [[m|en|association]] or [[m|en|federation]] of clubs, groups or individuals pursuing common interests: ''Sie ist dem Verband vor zehn Jahren beigetreten.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(military)'' A larger [[m|en|formation]] of smaller units; a group of vehicles, ships or aircraft operating together, as in ''im Verband fliegen'' “to fly in formation”.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A group of individuals forming a whole, such as a family or a herd.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # ''(building)'' The [[m|en|bond]] in which bricks or stones are laid in a wall; a system of braces in a framework.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # ''(mathematics)'' A [[m|en|lattice]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Verbandskasten]]

+ * [[Verbandsmitglied]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Verbund]]

+ * [[binden]]

+ * [[verbinden]]

+ * [[Band]]

+ * [[Bund]]

+ * [[en|bind]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}