record English · revision 3536

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1200 (Ancrene Riwle)|origins=la cor}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: noun UK /ˈrek.ɔːd/, US /ˈrek.ɚd/; verb UK /rɪˈkɔːd/, US /rɪˈkɔːrd/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The verb is [[inh|enm|recorden|t=to repeat, recite]], [[bor|fro|recorder|t=to tell, repeat, recite, report]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(SOED 2002) and directly from [[la|recordārī|t=to remember, call to mind]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(AHD 2000) formed from [[m|la|re-]] and [[m|la|cor|t=heart]] (genitive [[m|la|cordis]]),^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) the heart being the seat of memory, as in the phrase “learn by heart”.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) Etymonline traces ''cor'' to [[ine-pro|*kerd-|t=heart]].^(Etymonline)^(AHD 2000) The noun is from Old French [[m|fro|record|t=memory; statement, report]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(COED 2004) and in part from Medieval Latin [[m|la-med|recordum]].^(Etymonline) It is related to [[heart]], [[cordial]] and [[accord]].^(Klein 1966)^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ To repeat, recite, get by heart: probably before 1200, in the ''Ancrene Riwle'',^(Barnhart 1988) or about 1200.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The verb meant “to set down in writing” from 1340, in the ''Ayenbite of Inwyt'',^(Barnhart 1988) or the mid-14th century.^(Etymonline) From the 15th century it also meant “to practise a song”, later only of birds.^(OED 1989)^(Hoad 1986) The noun meant “testimony” probably before 1300,^(Barnhart 1988) and in law the fact of being written down as evidence from before 1300.^(OED 1989) An official written account is from 1399,^(Barnhart 1988) and the preservation of something as knowledge, especially in writing, from the late 14th century.^(Etymonline) A known record of performance, a person's past, is from 1856 in American English.^(Etymonline) A disc or cylinder holding recorded sound is from 1878,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) and the verb “to put sound on a disc or tape” from 1892.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) The best official achievement in a sport is a ''record'' from 1883.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) ''Record player'' is from 1919^(Etymonline) or 1934.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * before 1200 – verb, to recite (''Ancrene Riwle'').^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * before 1300 – testimony; legal record.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1340 – verb, to set down in writing.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1399 – an official written account.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 15th century – verb, of birds, to practise a song.^(Hoad 1986)

+ * 1856 – a person's history.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1878 – a sound recording disc.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1883 – a sporting record.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1892 – verb, to record sound.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An account of facts set down in writing to preserve them.^(AHD)^(SOED 2002)

+ # Information collected and kept on a subject; an official document.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # The known history of someone's performance or conduct: ''a criminal record''.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # The best performance known, as in a sport.^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ # A disc on which sound is recorded.^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To set down in writing or another lasting form.^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ # To register or indicate, as an instrument does.^(AHD)

+ # To store sound or images by mechanical or electronic means.^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Best or highest so far: ''a record crop''.^(MW Collegiate)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[recordable]]

+ * [[recordless]]

+ * [[off-the-record]]

+ * [[recordholder]]

+ * [[recordist]]

+ * [[recordkeeping]]

+ * [[self-recording]]

+ * [[prerecord]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[recorder]]

+ * [[recording]]

+ * [[heart]]

+ * [[cordial]]

+ * [[accord]]

+ * [[concord]]

+ * [[courage]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}