dadurch German · revision 35338

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=about 1000, Notker}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dadurch'''^(Wiktionary)

+ Middle High German had ''dâdurch'' beside ''dardurch'' and, rarely, weakened ''derdurch''.^(DWB2|6, 48) From the 15th into the 17th century ''dardurch'' clearly prevailed, then quickly went out of use, and since the end of the 18th century only ''dadurch'' has been used.^(DWB2|6, 48) Luther always wrote ''dadurch''.^(DWB|2, 672)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|dâdurch]], [[inh|goh|dārduruh]], formed [[af|de|da|durch]].^(DWB2|6, 48)^(Köbler AHD)^(Wiktionary) The same compound is [[dum|daerdore]] and [[nl|daardoor]], and the English word is [[m|en|therethrough]].^(DWB2|6, 48)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Old High German ''dārdure'' is recorded only in Notker (before 1022), of the Israelites led through the Red Sea.^(DWB2|6, 48)^(Köbler AHD) Middle High German examples follow from about 1120, in the younger ''Physiologus'', of the lizard putting its head through a hole.^(DWB2|6, 48)^(Köbler MHD)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The adverb was first used of space, a movement through a place or opening.^(DWB2|6, 48)^(FWB) Early New High German also used it of cause, “for this reason”, and of manner or means, “in this way, by this means”.^(FWB)^(DWB|2, 672) The Grimms' dictionary notes that older German expressed the latter with ''durch daz''.^(DWB|2, 672) Today it often introduces a clause with ''dass'' that gives the means or cause.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Before 1022 – Notker uses Old High German ''dārdure''.^(DWB2|6, 48)

+ * About 1120 – Middle High German ''da durch'' in the younger ''Physiologus''.^(DWB2|6, 48)

+ * 15th–17th centuries – The form ''dardurch'' prevails.^(DWB2|6, 48)

+ * End of the 18th century – Only ''dadurch'' remains in use.^(DWB2|6, 48)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # ''(stressed on the first syllable)'' [[m|en|through]] there, through this place or opening: ''Das Tor ist offen, ihr könnt dadurch fahren.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # By this means, in this way: ''Sie trainierte jeden Tag und gewann dadurch an Kraft.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # For this reason, as a result of this; often with ''dass'': ''Dadurch, dass er früher losfuhr, kam er pünktlich an.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[da]]

+ * [[durch]]

+ * [[wodurch]]

+ * [[hierdurch]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}