Sport German · revision 35335

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1828, Pückler|origins=la dēportō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ʃpɔrt/, [ʃpɔʁt], [ʃpɔɐ̯t]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Sport''' ''m'' (genitive Sports or Sportes, plural (rare) Sporte)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|en|sport|t=amusement, pastime, outdoor recreation]], borrowed in the first half of the 19th century.^(Kluge 2011|870)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DFWB) The English word is a shortening of [[enm|disport|t=diversion, amusement]],^(Kluge 2011|870)^(Pfeifer 1993) from [[fro|desport]], a noun from the verb [[m|fro|desporter|t=to divert, amuse oneself]];^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DFWB) Kluge names the Middle French verb [[m|frm|desporter]].^(Kluge 2011|870) The French verb arose by a change of prefix from [[m|fro|deporter|t=to behave, amuse oneself]],^(Pfeifer 1993) from [[la|dēportō|t=to carry away]], which in Late and Vulgar Latin also meant “to divert, amuse”, properly “to carry one's attention away”.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020|805)^(Wahrig Herkunftswörterbuch) The Latin verb is formed from [[m|la|portō|t=to carry]].^(Kluge 2011|870) The same word was taken into [[nl|sport]], [[fr|sport]], [[sv|sport]] and [[is|sport]].^(Kluge 2011|870)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The Deutsches Fremdwörterbuch and Paul date the first record to 1828, when Pückler wrote from England that boxing, horse races, duck shooting, fox hunting and cockfights were all ''sport'', and that ''Sportsman'' could not be translated, any more than ''Gentleman''.^(DFWB)^(Paul 2002) At first it was used mostly of English customs, often in the compound ''Sportsman'' or the English plural ''sports''.^(DFWB)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The Grimms' dictionary says that the thing itself, in imitation of English custom, appears with its name in the 1850s, but became widespread only in the last decades of the 19th century.^(DWB|16, 2688) Duden dates the use of ''Sport'' as the general term for all organised physical training and competition to the 1920s.^(Duden 7 2020|805) From the late 19th century the word was also applied to any activity pursued playfully but keenly, as when philology was called a mental sport in 1881; from this comes ''sich einen Sport daraus machen'', to make a habit of doing something, often out of mischief.^(Paul 2002)^(Duden GWDS 1999) The adjective [[sportlich]] is recorded from 1889 and [[Sportler]] from the first half of the 20th century.^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993) German passed the word on to Hungarian (1843) and to Slovak, Slovene and Serbo-Croatian as ''šport''.^(LWP)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1828 – Pückler writes that all such amusements are ''sport''.^(DFWB)^(Paul 2002)

+ * 1843 – Hungarian ''sport'' is recorded.^(LWP)

+ * 1855 – The compound ''Sportneuigkeit'' “sports news” is recorded.^(DWB|16, 2688)

+ * 1881 – Philology is called a kind of mental sport.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 1889 – The adjective ''sportlich'' is recorded.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 1920s – Duden dates the general sense “organised sport”.^(Duden 7 2020|805)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|sport]], physical activity done according to rules, often competitively, for enjoyment and fitness: ''Sie treibt dreimal in der Woche Sport.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Physical education as a school subject or field of study: ''Am Freitag haben wir zwei Stunden Sport.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Sport as a whole, sporting events: ''Er interessiert sich vor allem für Sport.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # A particular kind of sport: ''Rudern ist ein anstrengender Sport.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|hobby]] or pastime: ''Segeln ist ein kostspieliger Sport.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sportlich]]

+ * [[Sportler]]

+ * [[Sportsmann]]

+ * [[Sportwagen]]

+ * [[Denksport]]

+ * [[Wintersport]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[transportieren]]

+ * [[deportieren]]

+ * [[en|sport]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Sich einen Sport daraus machen, etwas zu tun'' (colloquial) is to do something repeatedly out of high spirits or a certain malice.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Paul 2002) ''Der weiße Sport'' is tennis.^(Duden GWDS 1999) The plural ''Sporte'' is rare.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}