Institut German · revision 35314

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1571|origins=la statuō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ɪn.stiˈtuːt/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Institut''' ''n'' (genitive Institutes or Instituts, plural Institute)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|īnstitūtum|t=arrangement, institution]], the noun use of the past participle of [[m|la|īnstituō|t=to set up, establish, arrange]], from [[m|la|in-]] and [[m|la|statuō|t=to set up, erect]].^(Kluge 2011|447)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020|395) It is the same word as [[nl|instituut]], [[en|institute]] and [[fr|institut]].^(Kluge 2011|447) Through the Latin verb it is related to [[Statut]], and, further back, to [[stehen]].^(Kluge 2011|447)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Paul finds the word in Simon Rot's dictionary of foreign words of 1571.^(Paul 2002) In the 16th century it meant “order, rule”;^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020|395) Early New High German also used it for the Institutes of Justinian, a textbook of law, and for a custom or customary law.^(FWB)

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+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The modern sense, an establishment for education, teaching or research, appeared in the 18th century.^(Kluge 2011|447)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020|395) The Deutsches Fremdwörterbuch has ''Erziehungsinstitut'' in 1775, and Moritz writes in ''Anton Reiser'' (1785) of an ''Institut'' where young people were trained as village schoolmasters.^(DFWB) Kinderling (1795) records it for a school, a poorhouse, an ordinance and a foundation.^(DFWB) From the end of the 18th century, like French ''institut'', it was used especially of academic bodies.^(Paul 2002)

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+ The academic prestige of the word was later borrowed by trade, in ''Geldinstitut'' “bank” or Gottfried Benn's ''Schönheitsinstitut'' “beauty salon”.^(Paul 2002) In the sense of [[Institution]], a legal or social arrangement, as in Riehl's ''das Institut der Familie'', it is now rare except in law.^(Paul 2002)^(Duden GWDS 1999)

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+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1571 – Simon Rot's dictionary of foreign words has the word.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 16th century – Used now and then for “order, rule”.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 1775 – ''Erziehungsinstitut'' in the ''Teutscher Merkur''.^(DFWB)

+ * 1785 – Moritz uses ''Institut'' for a training school in ''Anton Reiser''.^(DFWB)

+ * 1795 – Kinderling records the word;^(DFWB) Herder calls the universities the one kind of German ''Institut'' honoured abroad.^(DFWB)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|institute]]: an establishment for research, teaching or education, often part of a [[Universität]]: ''Er arbeitet am Institut für Meeresforschung.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|department]] of a university faculty.^(Wiktionary)

+ # The building that houses such an institute: ''Das Institut liegt am Stadtrand.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # ''(law)'' A legal [[Institution|alt=institution]] created by law, such as marriage or property: ''das Institut des Eigentums''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)

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+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Institution]]

+ * [[Geldinstitut]]

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+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Statut]]

+ * [[instituieren]]

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+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}