bisherig German · revision 35312

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1627}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /bɪsˈheːʁɪç/, /bɪsˈheːʁɪk/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''bisherig''' (strong nominative masculine singular bisheriger, not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+ Older texts also spell it ''bißherig''.^(DWB2|5, 301)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|de|bisher|-ig]].^(Wiktionary)^(Wiktionary DE)^(DWB2|5, 301) The adverb is [[gmh|bizher|t=until now]], from [[m|gmh|biz|t=until]] and [[m|gmh|her|t=hither]], the words that are now [[bis]] and [[her]]; it was often written separately until the early 17th century.^(DWB2|5, 300)^(Köbler MHD) Pfeifer takes [[m|gmh|biz]] to have arisen from [[m|gmh|bī|t=by]] and [[m|gmh|ze|t=to]].^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The revised Grimm dictionary has a first example in 1627, in a diary whose writer says that after drinking a brandy he carefully recorded ''bisherigen verlauf'', the course of events so far.^(DWB2|5, 301) The adverb ''bizher'' itself goes back to about 1150, in Lamprecht's ''Alexander''.^(DWB2|5, 300)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The meaning has stayed the same: what has existed or been the case up to now.^(DWB2|5, 301)^(FWB) Stieler records ''bisherige zeit'' “the time until now”, and Wieland writes of ''ihr bisheriger schlummer'' “their slumber so far”.^(DWB|2, 46) In political language it names an office holder who is about to be replaced, as in Stein's reforms of 1808, which dissolved ''die bisherigen so isolierten behörden'', the authorities kept so separate until then.^(DWB2|5, 301)^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1150 – The adverb ''bizher'' in Lamprecht's ''Alexander''.^(DWB2|5, 300)

+ * 1627 – First record of ''bisherig''.^(DWB2|5, 301)

+ * 1683 – Christian Weise writes ''bißherigen freundschafft''.^(DWB2|5, 301)

+ * 1808 – The papers of Stein's reform ministry use ''die bisherigen behörden''.^(DWB2|5, 301)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|previous|alt=Previous]], former; holding a position until now: ''Der bisherige Trainer wechselt zu einem Verein in Spanien.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Existing or happening up to now, so far: ''Die bisherigen Ergebnisse sind ermutigend.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[bislang]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ It is used only before a noun.^(FWB)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}