Bühne German · revision 35277

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=inherited|attested=1220/30, Moriz von Craun}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈbyːnə/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Bühne''' ''f'' (genitive Bühne, plural Bühnen)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|büne]] (also [[m|gmh|bün]]), a word found only in German and Dutch: [[gml|böne|t=wooden gallery, platform, ceiling]] and [[nl|beun]].^(Kluge 2011|161)^(Duden 7 2020|175)^(Wahrig Herkunftswörterbuch) No Old High German form is recorded.^(DWB|2, 508) Kluge traces its many senses to a starting point “board scaffolding, ceiling”.^(Kluge 2011|161)^(Wahrig Herkunftswörterbuch)

+

+ Its origin is not certain.^(Duden 7 2020|175)^(Wahrig Herkunftswörterbuch)^(DWB2|5, 974) Kluge considers it most likely to belong with a pre-Germanic [[ine-pro|*bʰun-]], seen in [[ae|būna-|t=ground]] and perhaps [[sga|bun|t=base, root]], which may be a variant of the word behind [[Boden]].^(Kluge 2011|161)^(DWB2|5, 974) Duden, Wahrig and Paul also allow for a connection with that word.^(Duden 7 2020|175)^(Wahrig Herkunftswörterbuch)^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Middle High German ''büne'' is recorded from about 1220/30, in ''Moriz von Craun'', in the sense “ceiling, roof”.^(DWB2|5, 974)^(Köbler MHD) Lexer gives the senses “raised floor of boards, stage”, “ceiling of a room” and “lath, board”;^(Lexer 1872|1, 382)^(DWB|2, 508) Konrad von Würzburg uses it often.^(Lexer 1872|1, 382)^(DWB|2, 508)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A ''Bühne'' was first any scaffold of boards, such as the platform of a quack doctor at a fair, or the scaffold of an execution (''Blutbühne'').^(Paul 2002)^(DWB|2, 508) In the 18th century, shortened from [[Schaubühne]], it was narrowed to the actor's stage, and soon stood for the art of acting and for the theatre itself (''die Hamburger Bühne''), and figuratively for any public arena (''die politische Bühne'').^(Paul 2002)^(Duden 7 2020|175)^(Kluge 2011|161) In the west of the Upper German area it still means, as in Middle High German, the ceiling of a room and the space above it, the attic;^(Paul 2002)^(Adelung 1793|1, 1250) Adelung also records it in mining for the planks laid across a shaft.^(Paul 2002)^(Adelung 1793|1, 1250)

+

+ Theodor Siebs' ''Deutsche Bühnenaussprache'' (1898) made the pronunciation of the stage the model for standard German.^(Paul 2002) The word was borrowed into Dutch as ''bühne'' in the first quarter of the 20th century.^(LWP)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1220/30 – Middle High German ''büne'' “ceiling” in ''Moriz von Craun''.^(DWB2|5, 974)^(Köbler MHD)

+ * 16th century – the word is often spelt ''bin'' or ''bien''.^(DWB|2, 508)

+ * 18th century – ''Bühne'', shortened from ''Schaubühne'', is used of the theatre stage.^(Paul 2002)^(Duden 7 2020|175)

+ * 1898 – Theodor Siebs publishes ''Deutsche Bühnenaussprache''.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 1901–1925 – Dutch borrows the word as ''bühne''.^(LWP)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|stage]] of a theatre, the raised acting area facing the audience: ''Nach der Pause kehrte der Sänger auf die Bühne zurück.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|theatre]] as an institution: ''Sie ist seit Jahren an der Bühne in Kassel.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(figurative)'' An arena of public life: ''die politische Bühne''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(mining)'' A wooden platform or landing in a shaft.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # ''(metallurgy)'' A platform from which large furnaces are worked.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # ''(regional)'' An [[m|en|attic]] or [[m|en|hayloft]].^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # Short for [[Hebebühne]]: a [[m|en|lift]] platform.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Schaubühne]]

+ * [[Hebebühne]]

+ * [[Freilichtbühne]]

+ * [[Bühnenbild]]

+ * [[Bühnenaussprache]]

+ * [[Bühnenstück]]

+ * [[Weltbühne]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Boden]]

+ * [[Buhne]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Etwas über die Bühne bringen'' is to carry something through successfully, and ''über die Bühne gehen'' to take place, run its course.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}