Schritt German · revision 35253

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=9th century, Old High German glosses and Tatian|origins=gem-pro *skrīþaną}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * [ʃʁɪtʰ], [ʃrɪtʰ]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Schritt''' ''m'' (genitive Schrittes or Schritts, plural Schritte, diminutive Schrittchen n)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|schrit]], [[inh|goh|scrit]], [[inh|gem-pro|*skridiz]] (also reconstructed as [[m|gem-pro|*skriþiz]]), an i-stem noun made in ablaut to the verb [[schreiten]], [[m|gem-pro|*skrīþaną]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Kroonen 2013)^(Wiktionary) Related nouns are [[gml|schrēde]], [[dum|screde]] (modern [[nl|schrede]]), [[ang|scriþe|t=course]] and [[non|skriðr|t=gliding or creeping motion]], and it forms the first part of [[osx|skridskōh|t=winged shoe]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Kroonen 2013)^(Orel 2003) The verb has no clear relatives outside Germanic, and in English its sense passed to [[en|stride]].^(Kluge 2011|827)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Old High German ''scrit'' is recorded in glosses of the first quarter of the 9th century and in the Tatian.^(ReA)^(Köbler AHD)^(Schützeichel 2012|293) The Tatian renders Matthew 5:41 as ''sô uuer sô thih thuinge, thaʒ thû mit imo gêst thûsunt scritô, far mit imo anderê zuênê'', “whoever compels you to go a thousand steps with him, go with him two more”.^(DWB|15, 1754)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From Middle High German on the word was used as a measure of distance and length, then without a plural: ''zwei Schritt''.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Paul 2002) Figuratively it names a step in an undertaking (''den ersten Schritt tun''), and fixed phrases are ''auf Schritt und Tritt'' “everywhere” and ''Schritt für Schritt'' “little by little”.^(Paul 2002) It also means walking as opposed to other gaits, of horses (Stieler) and in ''Schritt fahren''; from the army come ''im Schritt bleiben'' and ''mit jemandem Schritt halten'', used figuratively by Kant.^(Paul 2002) Since the 19th century it has also meant the crotch of trousers.^(Paul 2002)^(DWB|15, 1754)

+

+ ''Rückschritt'' dates from the 17th century, and ''Schrittmacher'', a loan translation of English ''pacemaker'', from the end of the 19th, first in cycle racing;^(Duden 7 2020|758)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Paul 2002) ''Herzschrittmacher'' followed in the middle of the 20th.^(Duden 7 2020|758)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Paul 2002) The word was borrowed into Polish as ''szryt'' (1588).^(LWP)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * First quarter of the 9th century – Old High German ''scrit'' in glosses.^(Köbler AHD)

+ * 9th century – ''thûsunt scritô'' in the Tatian.^(DWB|15, 1754)

+ * Middle High German – ''Schritt'' becomes a measure of distance.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 1588 – Polish ''szryt''.^(LWP)

+ * 17th century – ''Rückschritt''.^(Duden 7 2020|758)

+ * 19th century – “crotch of trousers”.^(Paul 2002)

+ * End of the 19th century – ''Schrittmacher''.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020|758)

+ * Mid-20th century – ''Herzschrittmacher''.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|step]], the movement of one foot forward: ''Sie machte einen Schritt zur Seite.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A pace as a measure of distance: ''Das Tor war nur zwanzig Schritt entfernt.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A way of walking, [[m|en|gait]]; a dance step.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Paul 2002)

+ # Walking pace; of a horse, the [[m|en|walk]];^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary) ''Schritt fahren'' “to drive at walking speed”.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(figurative)'' A step or measure taken towards a goal: ''Der nächste Schritt ist ein Testlauf.'';^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary) ''mit jemandem Schritt halten'' “to keep up with someone”.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The [[m|en|crotch]] of a pair of trousers, or of the body.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Fortschritt]]

+ * [[Rückschritt]]

+ * [[Schrittmacher]]

+ * [[Herzschrittmacher]]

+ * [[schrittweise]]

+ * [[Gleichschritt]]

+ * [[Laufschritt]]

+ * [[Stechschritt]]

+ * [[Schrittgeschwindigkeit]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[schreiten]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}