Partie German · revision 35252

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=17th century|origins=la pars}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /paʁˈtiː/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Partie''' ''f'' (genitive Partie, plural Partien)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fr|partie|t=part; party; game]], taken over in the 17th century, and so lacks the diphthong of [[Partei]], the same French word borrowed in Middle High German.^(Kluge 2011|685)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DFWB) The French noun is the past participle of [[fro|partir|t=to divide]] used as a noun, from [[la|partior|t=to share, divide]], from [[m|la|pars|t=part]].^(Kluge 2011|685) The sense “match, marriage prospect” comes instead from the masculine [[m|fr|parti]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DFWB)^(Wahrig Herkunftswörterbuch) Related loans are [[nl|partij]], [[en|party]] and [[sv|parti]].^(Kluge 2011|685)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The Grimms explain that the 17th century gave the word back its French form, keeping it for some of the French senses.^(DWB|13, 1477) Logau uses it of detachments of troops (''sie schicken halb armeen, die nennen sie partyen''), and Pfeifer finds it now and then in the 17th century, beside ''Partei'', for a group of people.^(DWB|13, 1477)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Pfeifer dates “round of a game” to the 17th century, “marriage, marriage prospect” likewise, “excursion” to the beginning of the 18th, and the vocal part, the lot of goods in trade and the passage of a literary work to the 18th.^(Pfeifer 1993) Kluge explains ''Landpartie'' and ''Jagdpartie'' as a transfer from the company of people to what they do together.^(Kluge 2011|685) The DFWB quotes the sense “part of a poem” from Gleim and Ramler in 1750, and Duden notes that “excursion” survives mainly in dialects.^(DFWB)^(Duden 7 2020|611) ''Von der Partie sein'' “to take part” goes with the sense of a company of people.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DWB|13, 1477)

+

+ It was borrowed into Hungarian as ''parti'' (1789) “marriage prospect”, and Russian ''партия'' may come from it, from Polish or directly from French.^(LWP)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 17th century – ''Partie'' is borrowed from French;^(Kluge 2011|685)^(Pfeifer 1993) “round of a game”, “marriage”.^(Kluge 2011|685)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * Early 18th century – “excursion”.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 1750 – “part of a poem” in Gleim and Ramler.^(DFWB)

+ * 18th century – “vocal part” and “lot of goods”.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 1789 – Hungarian ''parti''.^(LWP)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A part or section of a larger whole: ''die hinteren Partien des Gartens''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A round or [[m|en|game]] of a game or contest: ''Wollen wir eine Partie Tischtennis spielen?''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|role]] in an opera or other sung stage work.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # ''(commerce)'' A lot or batch of goods.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)

+ # ''(dated)'' An outing of a group of people;^(Duden GWDS 1999) ''mit von der Partie sein'' ''(colloquial)'' “to join in, be there too”.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # ''eine gute Partie sein'': to bring a lot of money into a marriage;^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007) ''eine gute Partie machen'': to marry a wealthy partner.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)

+ # ''(Austria)'' A gang of workers put together for a job.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Landpartie]]

+ * [[Jagdpartie]]

+ * [[Schachpartie]]

+ * [[Gesangspartie]]

+ * [[Gesichtspartie]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Partei]]

+ * [[Party]]

+ * [[Part]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}