Dollar German · revision 35163

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1806|origins=de Joachimstaler}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈdɔlaʁ/, [ˈdɔlaʁ], [ˈdɔlaɐ̯]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Dollar''' ''m'' (genitive Dollars or Dollar, plural Dollars or Dollar)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|en|dollar]], the American English name of the currency.^(Kluge 2011|905)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2014|227)^(DWB2|6, 1220) Pfeifer dates the borrowing to the 18th century, Duden to the 19th.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2014|227)^(Wiktionary DE) The English word goes back to [[nds|dāler]], the same word as [[Taler]].^(Kluge 2011|905)^(Duden 7 2014|227) Pfeifer traces it through [[dum|daelder]] or [[m|dum|daeler]] to [[gml|dāler]], and notes that the English forms were at first spelt with ⟨a⟩, the spelling with ⟨o⟩ appearing about 1600.^(Pfeifer 1993) Wiktionary also passes through early modern Dutch.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ That coin name is short for [[Joachimstaler]], a silver coin minted from 1518 from the silver of the mines at Sankt Joachimsthal, now Jáchymov, in Bohemia.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Kluge 2011|905)^(Duden 7 2020) Wahrig gives the years of that coinage as 1519 to 1528.^(Wahrig Herkunftswörterbuch) It also notes that the dollar sign comes from the Spanish-Mexican peso, called the “Spanish dollar” in English, which may have been the direct model when the United States adopted the name in the late 18th century.^(Wahrig Herkunftswörterbuch) The German words are thus [[m|en|doublet|alt=doublets]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The Grimms' revised dictionary has its first example from 1806, of workers who still received ten ''dollars'' a month in cash.^(DWB2|6, 1220) It meant the currency unit of the United States.^(DWB2|6, 1220)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Besides the currency of the United States, the word names that of other countries such as Canada and Australia, and a single dollar coin or note.^(DWB2|6, 1220)^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden 7 2014|227) The plural was at first ''Dollars''; after numbers the form without an ending is now usual, as with measures and quantities (''30 Dollar'').^(DWB2|6, 1220)^(Duden GWDS 1999) In nuclear engineering a ''Dollar'' is also a unit of the reactivity of a reactor.^(DWB2|6, 1220) Hungarian took the word as ''dollár'' in 1753.^(LWP)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1518 – The ''Joachimstaler'' is first minted in Bohemia.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020)

+ * About 1600 – English has the form ''dollar''.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 1753 – Hungarian ''dollár'' is recorded.^(LWP)

+ * 1806 – First example of ''Dollar'' in German.^(DWB2|6, 1220)

+ * 1852 – ''Dollar'' is used of a single coin.^(DWB2|6, 1220)

+ * 1972 – ''Dollar'' is recorded as a unit of reactor reactivity.^(DWB2|6, 1220)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|currency]] unit of the United States, Canada, Australia and other countries, divided into 100 cents; sign $: ''Das Buch kostet zwanzig Dollar.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A single dollar [[m|en|coin]] or banknote.^(DWB2|6, 1220)

+ # ''(nuclear engineering)'' A unit of [[m|en|reactivity]] of a nuclear reactor.^(DWB2|6, 1220)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Taler]]

+ * [[Joachimstaler]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}