heutig German · revision 35133

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=8th century, Old High German glosses|origins=gem-pro *hi-, gem-pro *dagaz}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈhɔʏ̯tɪç/, /ˈhɔʏ̯tɪk/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''heutig''' (strong nominative masculine singular heutiger, comparative heutiger, superlative am heutigsten)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|hiutec]], [[inh|goh|hiutīg]], an adjective formed with the suffix [[m|goh|-īg]] (modern [[-ig]]) from the adverb [[m|goh|hiutu|t=today]], modern [[heute]].^(Kluge 2011|414)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ The adverb is contracted from the instrumental phrase [[m|goh|*hiu tagu|t=on this day]], made of a pronoun stem [[gem-pro|*hi-|t=this]] and the word for “day”, [[Tag]].^(Kluge 2011|414)^(EWA|4, 1076)^(Pfeifer 1993) Other West Germanic languages fused the same phrase: [[osx|hiudu]], [[ang|hēodæg]] and [[ofs|hiūdega]].^(Kluge 2011|414)^(EWA|4, 1076) The pronoun still stands on its own in [[got|𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰|tr=himma daga|t=today]].^(Kluge 2011|414)^(Kroonen 2013) Outside Germanic, the same stem [[ine-pro|*ḱi-]] is found in [[la|cis|t=on this side]] and [[lt|šis|alt=šìs|t=this]], and a parallel formation is [[grc|σήμερον|tr=sḗmeron|t=today]].^(Kluge 2011|414) Duden suggests that the adverb may be a loan translation of [[la|hodiē]].^(Duden 7 2007)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Old High German ''hiutīg'' is first recorded in glosses of the third quarter of the 8th century, and then in Notker,^(Köbler AHD)^(Schützeichel 2012|154) where ''hiutiga chindeli'' are children only a day old.^(Adelung 1793)^(Schützeichel 2012|154) The Tatian has a different form, ''hiutlīh''.^(Adelung 1793)^(DWB|10, 1297)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Middle High German ''hiutec'' is found from the Kaiserchronik on, as in ''hiuteger tac'' “this day”.^(Lexer 1872|1, 1311)^(Köbler MHD) The Grimms distinguish a strict use, referring to the present day (''bis auf den heutigen Tag'', “to this day”, in Luther's Bible), from a freer one, “of the present time”, already in the 16th century with Mathesius.^(DWB|10, 1297) ''Heutiges Tages'' “nowadays” was usual in Adelung's time,^(Adelung 1793)^(FWB) and ''die Heutigen'' are the people living today.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Third quarter of the 8th century – Old High German ''hiutīg'' appears in glosses.^(Köbler AHD)

+ * c. 1150 – Middle High German ''hiutec'' in the Kaiserchronik.^(Köbler MHD)^(Lexer 1872|1, 1311)

+ * 16th century – The freer sense “present-day, of our time” is in use.^(DWB|10, 1297)

+ * 1793 – Adelung records ''heutiges Tages'' “nowadays”.^(Adelung 1793)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of today, taking place today: ''das heutige Training'';^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary) ''bis auf den heutigen Tag'', to this day.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of the present time, [[m|en|contemporary]], [[m|en|present-day]]: ''die heutige Jugend'';^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary) ''im heutigen Polen''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[heute]]

+ * [[heuer]]

+ * [[hier]]

+ * [[Tag]]

+ * [[goh|hiutu]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}