dennoch German · revision 35126

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=9th century, Old High German}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * [ˈdɛnɔx]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dennoch'''^(Wiktionary)

+ Until the 18th century ''dannoch'' was also used,^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DWB2|6, 672) and late Middle High German and Early New High German had the variants ''dennocht'', ''dennecht'' and ''dennost''.^(DWB2|6, 672)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|dennoch]], [[inh|goh|thenninoh]], a compound [[af|goh|thanne|noh|t1=then|t2=still]], at first written separately.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DWB2|6, 672)^(Duden GWDS 1999) Its parts are the ancestors of [[denn]] (or [[dann]]) and [[noch]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Wiktionary) [[m|goh|thanne]] is itself formed with an n-suffix from the demonstrative stem [[ine-pro|*te-]] of [[m|de|der]].^(Kluge 2011|181)^(Pfeifer 1993) The same compound is found in [[gml|dennenoch]].^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Pfeifer dates Old High German ''thanne noh'', ''thenni noh'' “still at that time” to the 9th century,^(Pfeifer 1993) and a gloss of the 10th or 11th century renders Latin ''adhuc'' with ''denninoh''.^(DWB2|6, 672) In Notker it already means “still, even under this condition”.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Middle High German ''dannoch'' and ''dennoch'' meant “then still, still now, besides”, and also, since the 12th century, “nevertheless”, the modern sense.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Paul 2002) ''dennoch'' was at first Upper German and spread from the 13th century into Central and Low German, earlier than ''dannoch''.^(DWB2|6, 672) The Grimms note that the sense “still, besides” was already rare in the 16th century.^(DWB|2, 952) Luther's Bible uses the concessive sense often, as in ''die stolzen haben iren spot an mir, dennoch weiche ich nicht von deinem gesetz'' (Psalm 119:51).^(DWB|2, 952) In the 18th century the temporal senses went out of use, ''dannoch'' died out, and ''dennoch'' has since been only a concessive adverb.^(DWB2|6, 672)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 9th century – Old High German ''thanne noh'' “still at that time”.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 10th–11th century – ''denninoh'' in a gloss.^(DWB2|6, 672)

+ * 12th century – First use in the sense “nevertheless”.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 13th century – ''dennoch'' spreads into Central and Low German.^(DWB2|6, 672)

+ * 1482 – The ''Vocabularius theutonicus'' glosses Latin ''attamen'' with ''dennoch''.^(DWB|2, 952)

+ * 18th century – The temporal senses and the variant ''dannoch'' go out of use.^(DWB2|6, 672)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|nevertheless]], all the same, [[m|en|however]]: ''Es regnete, dennoch gingen wir spazieren.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(obsolete)'' Then still, at that time.^(DWB2|6, 672)^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dann]]

+ * [[denn]]

+ * [[noch]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}