Angabe German · revision 35078

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1514|origins=gem-pro *gebaną}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈanˌɡaːbə/, [ˈʔanˌɡaː.bə], [ˈʔaŋ-]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Angabe''' ''f'' (genitive Angabe, plural Angaben)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[der|de|angeben|t=to state, indicate]], the noun of action of the verb, formed with the vowel of [[Gabe]] like [[Abgabe]] and [[Aufgabe]], and recorded from the beginning of the 16th century.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DWB2|2, 923)^(Wiktionary)^(Wiktionary DE) The verb, Middle High German [[m|gmh|anegeben]] (13th century), is formed from [[an]] and [[geben]], and in German became fixed on speech: “to declare, betray, determine”, and “to brag”.^(Kluge 2011|45)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ The base verb goes back to [[goh|geban]] and [[gem-pro|*gebaną|t=to give]], also found in [[got|𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽|tr=giban]] and [[non|gefa]].^(Kluge 2011|337)^(Pfeifer 1993) Its further origin is uncertain: the nearest comparison is the root [[ine-pro|*gʰabʰ-|t=to take, hold]] of [[la|habeō|t=to have, hold]] and [[sga|gaibid|t=takes, seizes]], though neither the vowel nor the meaning matches.^(Kluge 2011|337)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record, from 1514, uses ''angab'' for a statement that a court officer makes about a fine.^(DWB2|2, 923) Paul cites Luther for the word.^(Paul 2002) In Kepler (1616) it is the statement of a weight taken from another author.^(DWB2|2, 923)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The main sense has always been “statement, information”, as in Bismarck's ''unwahre Angaben'' (1869).^(Paul 2002)^(DWB2|2, 923) Older German also used it for a suggestion or instigation: in Schiller the nobles dress their servants in one livery ''auf Angabe des Grafen von Egmont'' “at the suggestion of Count Egmont”.^(Paul 2002)^(DWB|1, 336) In Early New High German ''angabe'' was also the earnest money paid on a deal, and Adelung records it for goods given in part payment and for the first design of a house or garden.^(FWB)^(DWB|1, 336)^(Adelung 1793) The sense “down payment” lives on in Austria.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+

+ The colloquial sense “showing off” belongs to ''angeben'' “to brag” and is recent, as is [[Angeber]] in that sense, which earlier meant an informer.^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1514 – First record of ''angab'' “statement”.^(DWB2|2, 923)

+ * 1616 – Kepler uses the word for a statement of weight.^(DWB2|2, 923)

+ * First half of the 18th century – The adjective ''angeblich'' “alleged” is formed beside it.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 1793 – Adelung records the senses “part payment in goods”, “first design” and “earnest money”.^(Adelung 1793)

+ * 1869 – Bismarck speaks of ''unwahre Angaben'' “false statements”.^(DWB2|2, 923)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|statement]], a piece of [[m|en|information]]: ''nach Angaben der Polizei'' “according to the police”, ''ohne Angabe von Gründen'' “without giving reasons”.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(colloquial)'' [[m|en|boasting]], showing off: ''das ist doch reine Angabe''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(sports)'' The [[m|en|serve]] in tennis, volleyball and similar games, and the ball served.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Austria)'' A down payment.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # ''(linguistics)'' An [[m|en|adjunct]], a part of a clause that can be left out without making it ungrammatical.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Quellenangabe]]

+ * [[Ortsangabe]]

+ * [[Zeitangabe]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Abgabe]]

+ * [[angeben]]

+ * [[Aufgabe]]

+ * [[Angeber]]

+ * [[angeblich]]

+ * [[Gabe]]

+ * [[geben]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}