dritte German · revision 35052

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=8th century, Old High German glosses|origins=ine-pro *tritjo-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈdrɪtə/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dritte''' (ordinal number, no predicative form; strong masculine ''dritter'')^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|dritte]], [[inh|goh|dritto]], [[inh|gem-pro|*þridjô|t=third]], the ordinal number of [[drei]].^(Kluge 2011|217)^(Wiktionary)^(EWA|2, 791) The same word is [[got|𐌸𐍂𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰|tr=þridja]], [[non|þriði]], [[ang|þridda]], [[ofs|thredda]] and [[osx|thriddio]], and [[en|third]], [[nl|derde]] and [[sv|tredje]].^(Kluge 2011|217)^(Kroonen 2013)^(EWA|2, 791)

+

+ The Germanic word continues [[ine-pro|*tritjo-]], also in [[la|tertius]] and [[cy|trydydd]].^(Kluge 2011|217) Kluge suggests it was remade from an older form without /t/ after other ordinals that seemed to contain a /t/ suffix; other languages have other ablaut grades, as [[sa|तृतीय|tr=tṛtī́ya-]], or a simple /-o-/ suffix, as [[grc|τρίτος|tr=trítos]].^(Kluge 2011|217) Kroonen notes that the oldest Indo-European form probably had no /i/ in the root.^(Kroonen 2013)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Old High German ''dritto'' is recorded from the 8th century, first in glosses of about 765, then in the Isidor, Tatian, Otfrid and Notker.^(Kluge 2011|217)^(Köbler AHD)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Besides counting, the word came to mean any other person apart from two, an outsider: Adelung records ''ohne Nachtheil eines dritten'' “without harm to a third party” and ''der dritte Mann'' for an arbiter chosen by two parties, in dialects ''Drittmann''.^(Adelung 1793) ''Der dritte Stand'', the third estate of burghers and peasants, renders French ''tiers état''.^(DWB|2, 1421) Luther's Bible has ''am dritten tage'' and Paul's ''dritten himel'' (2 Corinthians 12:2).^(DWB|2, 1421)

+

+ The adverb ''drittens'' appears in the 17th century, and ''Drittel'' is Middle High German ''dritteil'' “third part”.^(Duden 7 2014|233)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 765 – Old High German ''dritto'' appears in glosses.^(Köbler AHD)

+ * 17th century – ''drittens'' and ''dritteln'' appear.^(Duden 7 2014|233)

+ * 1793 – Adelung records ''der dritte Mann'' “arbiter”.^(Adelung 1793)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|third]], the ordinal number of three: ''Er wohnt im dritten Stock.''^(Wiktionary)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # Coming from an uninvolved person, a [[m|en|third party]]: ''die Meinung einer dritten Person''^(Wiktionary DE)^(Adelung 1793)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[drittens]]

+ * [[Drittel]]

+ * [[dritteln]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[drei]]

+ * [[en|third]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ As a noun, ''der Dritte'' or ''ein Dritter'' is a third person or an outsider;^(Adelung 1793) Adelung notes the use for anyone apart from two people, even when more are present.^(Adelung 1793)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}