Juli German · revision 35037

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=16th century|origins=la Iūlius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈjuːli/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Juli''' ''m'' (genitive Julis or Juli, plural Julis)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|Iūlius|t=July]], short for [[m|la|mēnsis Iūlius]], the month named after Gaius Julius Caesar, who reformed the calendar.^(Kluge 2011|458)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020) The German form comes from the Latin genitive [[m|la|Iūlius|alt=Iūliī]], used in dates.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020)^(Paul 2002) The same borrowing is [[nl|juli]], [[en|July]], [[fr|juillet]] and [[sv|juli]].^(Kluge 2011|458)

+

+ The old Roman year began on 1 March, so July was the fifth month, [[m|la|Quīntīlis]], from [[m|la|quīntus|t=fifth]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020) After Caesar's reform made the year begin on 1 January, the month, now the seventh, was renamed in his honour.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Wahrig Herkunftswörterbuch)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The Latin name spread in German from the 16th century through the language of chanceries and charters, and of the humanists, replacing the native [[Heumonat]] “hay month”.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020) In the Early New High German records it still has Latin inflection.^(FWB) A Basel chronicle has ''uff den 14. tag jully'' “on the 14th day of July” and ''den 2. tag jully genant heuwmonet'', glossing the new name with the old.^(DWB|10, 2369)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Zesen tried in vain to bring back ''Heumonat'', and in 1801 Campe proposed ''Brachmonat'', an old name of June.^(Paul 2002) The Latin nominative ''Julius'' was also used, as in Lessing's letters.^(DWB|10, 2369) Heine used the month figuratively for the heat of youth or passion: ''ich hab euch im besten juli verlassen'' “I left you in the height of July”.^(DWB|10, 2369)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 16th century – ''Juli'' replaces ''Heumonat'' in chancery language.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Kluge 2011|458)

+ * 1536 – A Basel chronicle writes the Latin nominative ''jullius''.^(DWB|10, 2369)

+ * 1801 – Campe proposes ''Brachmonat''.^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|July]], the seventh [[m|en|month]] of the year.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[la|Iūlius]]

+ * [[en|July]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}