daps Latin · revision 3503

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Livius Andronicus|origins=ine-pro *dh₂p-s}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdaps]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdaps]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''daps''' ''f'' (genitive dapis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*dap-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*dh₂p-s|t=sacrificial meal, portion]].^(de Vaan 2008) The root *dh₂p- was used of cutting up a victim and preparing a sacrificial meal, and it may be an extended form of [[ine-pro|*deh₂-|t=to divide]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Cognate with [[hit|tappala-|t=court cook]], [[grc|δάπτω|tr=dáptō|t=to tear apart]], [[grc|δαπάνη|tr=dapánē|t=expense]], [[xcl|տաւն|tr=tawn|t=feast]] and [[non|tafn|t=sacrificial animal]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Livius Andronicus onwards,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who asks “what feast is this, what holiday?”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In religious language it was a sacrificial meal, as in Cato, who has the farmer begin the spring ploughing once the sacrificial meal has been eaten.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) It also meant any feast or banquet, or the food served, and was mostly used in the plural ''dapes'' by the poets.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Medieval Latin the plural also meant wealth or riches.^(Köbler 2010)^(Wiktionary) Its derivative ''dapsilis'' meant “plentiful”, and ''dapifer'' was a steward who carried the dishes.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 280/260 – before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus uses it of a feast.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato prescribes a sacrificial meal to Jupiter.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace bids a friend pay Jupiter the promised feast.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 768 – Aethicus uses it of wealth.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A sacrificial meal, religious [[m|en|feast]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A feast, [[m|en|banquet]], meal; the food served.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin, plural)'' Wealth, riches.^(Köbler 2010)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dapālis]]

+ * [[dapifer]]

+ * [[indaps]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[damnum]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The nominative singular is hardly found, and the gaps in its forms were filled by ''epulae'' and ''cena''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Döderlein contrasts ''dapes'', a religious meal of offerings, with ''epulae'', any meal, and ''convivium'', a social meal.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}