Trainer German · revision 34950

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1830 (as Träner)|origins=la trahō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈtʁɛːnɐ/, /ˈtʁeːnɐ/, /ˈtʁɛɪ̯nɐ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Trainer''' ''m'' (genitive Trainers, plural Trainer, feminine Trainerin)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|en|trainer]], the agent noun of the verb [[m|en|train|t=to bring up, school, break in]], which also gave [[trainieren]].^(DFWB)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Kluge 2011|924) The English verb is from [[fro|traïner|t=to drag, trail]], from [[la-vul|*tragīnō|t=to drag along]], based on [[la|trahō|t=to draw, drag]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Kluge 2011|924)^(Duden 7 2007) Kluge traces the sense in English from “to draw” through “to rear” to “to break in, train”, especially of young horses, and then “to practise oneself”.^(Kluge 2011|924)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first German record, from 1830, reports a racing club's decision to hire an English rider, ''einen Träner'' “by the touching fashionable term”, to train horses for racing.^(DFWB) At first the word referred mostly to the English racing world.^(DFWB)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the beginning of the 20th century it was used more and more of anyone who trains athletes for competition, in football by 1907, and it entered compounds such as ''Bundestrainer'' and ''Trainerbank''.^(DFWB)^(Pfeifer 1993) In the 1950s, probably under renewed English and American influence, it also came to mean a person who runs training courses for working people, as a ''Verkaufstrainer'' “sales trainer”.^(DFWB) It also named a training version of an aircraft.^(DFWB) German ''Trainer'' was borrowed into Hungarian as ''tréner'' by 1854.^(LWP)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1830 – First record, as ''Träner'', of a trainer of racehorses.^(DFWB)

+ * 1844 – Spelled ''Trainer''.^(DFWB)

+ * 1907 – Used of English football clubs' trainers.^(DFWB)

+ * Early 20th century – Becomes the general word for a sports coach.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DFWB)

+ * 1955 – Used of a trainer in business.^(DFWB)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(sports)'' A [[m|en|coach]], a person who trains athletes or a team.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(horse racing)'' A person who keeps and trains racehorses.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # A person who runs training courses for professionals.^(DFWB)

+ # ''(Austria, Switzerland)'' A [[m|en|tracksuit]].^(Wiktionary)^(Wiktionary DE)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Trainerin]]

+ * [[Bundestrainer]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[trainieren]]

+ * [[Training]]

+ * [[Trainee]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}