resina Latin · revision 34776

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=grc ῥητίνη}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [reːˈsiː.na]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [reˈs̬iː.na]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rēsīna''' ''f'' (genitive rēsīnae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|ῥητίνη|tr=rhētínē|t=resin of the pine]],^(OLD 2012)^(Saalfeld 1874)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) which the OLD calls an adaptation of the Greek word.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short only say that it is perhaps related to it.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The Greek word itself is of unknown origin.^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Conte records it already in Plautus' ''Mercator'';^(Conte 2010) Köbler's first source is Cato.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It always meant the product secreted by various trees, in liquid or solid form.^(OLD 2012) Cato uses it in his treatise on agriculture, and Celsus and Pliny the Elder speak of wine seasoned with resin (''vinum resinā conditum'').^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Columella calls turpentine ''resina terebintha'', and Pliny uses the plural for kinds of pitch and resin.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In the Vulgate it is a soothing balm: ''tollite resinam ad dolorem eius'', “take balm for the pain”.^(Georges 1913)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ In British medieval Latin it was used in medicine, as glue, as kindling, for caulking and for greasing axles.^(DMLBS) It lives on in [[it|resina]], [[es|resina]], [[pt|resina]], [[fr|résine]] and [[ro|rășină]].^(Wiktionary) English [[m|en|resin]] comes from Old French and directly from Latin.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it in the ''Mercator''.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it in his treatise on agriculture.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus speaks of wine seasoned with resin.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella names turpentine ''resina terebintha''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it of a soothing balm.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English borrows [[m|en|resin]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|resin|alt=Resin]], [[m|en|rosin]], in liquid or solid form.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''resina terebintha'': [[m|en|turpentine]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' [[m|en|balm|alt=Balm]].^(Stelten 1995)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[rēsīnāceus]]

+ * [[rēsīnāria]]

+ * [[rēsīnātus]]

+ * [[rēsīnōsus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|resin]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}