source English · revision 3477

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1346|origins=la surgere}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /sɔːs/, US /sɔːrs/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|sours]], [[bor|fro|sourse|t=a rising, beginning, spring]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) a feminine noun use of the past participle of [[m|fro|sourdre|t=to rise, spring up]],^(Etymonline)^(SOED 2002)^(Klein 1966) from [[la|surgere|t=to rise]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) the source of [[surge]].^(AHD 2000)^(Klein 1966) Etymonline analyses ''surgere'' as a contraction of surrigere, from sub “up from below” and [[m|la|regere|t=to keep straight, guide]].^(Etymonline) It is related to [[resource]].^(Klein 1966)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A support or base: 1346,^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) a sense now obsolete.^(OED 1989)^(HTOED)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In hawking, the rising of a bird on the wing is from about 1384.^(OED 1989)^(Hoad 1986) A main cause or origin is from about 1374^(OED 1989) or about 1385, in Chaucer's ''Troilus and Criseyde'',^(Barnhart 1988) and the fountainhead of a river from about 1386^(OED 1989) or the late 14th century.^(Etymonline) The spelling ''source'' appears before 1393, in Gower.^(Barnhart 1988) A person or written work supplying information is by 1777.^(Etymonline) The verb “to obtain from a particular source” is from 1972,^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) with ''sourcing'' in commercial use by 1960.^(Etymonline) Earlier verbs ''source'', “to rise, spring”, are recorded from 1513 to the 17th century.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1346 – a support.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1374 – a prime cause.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1384 – the rising of a hawk.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1386 – the fountainhead of a river.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1777 – a source of information.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1941 – verb, ''sourced in'', based in.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1972 – verb, to obtain from a source.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The point at which something begins or from which it is obtained; an [[origin]].^(AHD)^(SOED 2002)

+ # The spring or starting point of a river or stream.^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+ # A person or thing that causes or creates something.^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+ # A person or document that supplies information.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To obtain parts or materials from a particular supplier or place.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To give the origin of; to [[document]].^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sourceless]]

+ * [[sourceful]]

+ * [[sourcefulness]]

+ * [[sourcebook]]

+ * [[sourcing]]

+ * [[outsourcing]]

+ * [[outsource]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[resource]]

+ * [[surge]]

+ * [[insurgent]]

+ * [[resurrection]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}