novicius Latin · revision 34764

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la novus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [nɔˈwiː.ki.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [noˈviː.t͡ʃi.us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''novīcius''' (feminine novīcia, neuter novīcium); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ In Late Latin it is also spelled ''novītius''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|novus|-īcius|t1=new]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) That adjective goes back to [[itc-pro|*nowo-]] and [[ine-pro|*neuo-|t=new, young]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) of a newly enslaved man: ''recens captum hominem, nuperum, novicium'', “a man freshly caught, recent, new”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis and Short note that it was mostly a technical word.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It was used above all of slaves newly imported or bought: Terence of girls, Cicero of “the herd of new slaves”, Quintilian and Petronius likewise.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) From this it meant anyone new to a condition, as Varro writes “while we are new” to farming, and Juvenal of a newly dead man who shudders at the ferryman.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of things it meant recently devised, sometimes newfangled: a new trade in Plautus, new wine and new colours in Pliny the Elder.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Quintilian uses the neuter for newly coined words, and Gellius has a fashionable crowd of grammarians.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Christian Latin it became the word for a monastic [[m|en|novice]], already in Cassian.^(Conte 2010)^(Niermeyer 1976) British medieval sources use it of newly professed monks and priests and of novices with their master.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian [[m|it|novizio]],^(Conte 2010) and English ''novice'' comes from it through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a newly enslaved man and of a new trade.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of newly bought girls.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of new slaves.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 67–c. 127 AD – Juvenal uses it of a newly dead man.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 360–c. 435 AD – Cassian uses it of a monastic novice.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English borrows [[m|en|novice]] through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # (of slaves) Newly imported or bought;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) (as a noun) a newly imported [[m|en|slave]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # (of a person) New to a condition, inexperienced.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # (of things) Recently discovered or devised; [[m|en|newfangled]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # (of a person) Recently become prominent, fashionable.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Newly professed or ordained.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(neuter)'' A newly coined word.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A monastic [[m|en|novice]].^(Conte 2010)^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|novice]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes it from [[novus]]: ''novus'' simply means new, while ''novicius'' adds the idea of a novice who must still get used to something or be taught before being fit for it.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}