value English · revision 3476

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1303 (Mannyng)|origins=la valēre}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈvæl.juː/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|valeu]], [[bor|fro|value|t=worth, price; standing, reputation]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) a noun use of the feminine past participle of [[m|fro|valoir|t=to be worth]],^(Etymonline)^(SOED 2002)^(Klein 1966) from [[la|valēre|t=to be strong, be well, be worth]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[ine-pro|*wal-|t=to be strong]].^(Etymonline)^(AHD 2000) Merriam-Webster gives an intermediate Vulgar Latin [[m|la-vul|*valūta]], feminine of *valūtus.^(MW Collegiate)^(MWU 2024) Latin ''valēre'' is the source also of [[valiant]] and [[valid]].^(Klein 1966)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A fair equivalent in exchange; worth, price: about 1303, ''valeu'', in Mannyng's ''Handlyng Synne'',^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) with the spelling ''value'' before 1376, in ''Piers Plowman''.^(Barnhart 1988) The material or monetary worth of a thing is from 1338.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ By the late 14th century it also meant usefulness, non-material worth, and the regard or esteem in which something is held.^(Etymonline)^(HTOED) The amount represented by a symbol in mathematics is from the 16th century,^(Hoad 1986) and in music the relative length of a note, and in painting the relation of light and shade, are later technical senses.^(Etymonline) The verb “to estimate the worth of” is from the mid-15th century,^(Etymonline) or 1482,^(OED 1989) and “to think highly of” from 1592.^(OED 1989)^(Hoad 1986) ''Value judgement'', from 1889, is a loan-translation of German [[m|de|Werturteil]].^(Etymonline) The sense “a principle or standard of behaviour”, usually in the plural, is attested by 1915 in sociology.^(Etymonline) ''Value added'' in economics is from 1935.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1303 – ''valeu'', a fair equivalent.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1338 – monetary worth.^(OED 1989)

+ * late 14th century – usefulness, esteem.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1482 – verb, to appraise.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1592 – verb, to esteem.^(OED 1989)

+ * 16th century – the value of a symbol.^(Hoad 1986)

+ * 1889 – ''value judgement''.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1915 – values, social principles.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1935 – ''value added''.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A fair or suitable equivalent in goods, services or money for something.^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+ # Monetary or material [[worth]].^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+ # Usefulness or importance; [[merit]].^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # A principle or standard considered worthwhile: ''family values''.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # ''(mathematics)'' An assigned or calculated numerical quantity.^(AHD)^(Hoad 1986)

+ # ''(music)'' The relative duration of a note.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To estimate the worth of; to [[appraise]].^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+ # To regard highly; to [[esteem]].^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[valuer]]

+ * [[valueless]]

+ * [[valuelessness]]

+ * [[disvalue]]

+ * [[misvalue]]

+ * [[outvalue]]

+ * [[overvalue]]

+ * [[revalue]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[valid]]

+ * [[valiant]]

+ * [[valour]]

+ * [[evaluate]]

+ * [[avail]]

+ * [[prevail]]

+ * [[equivalent]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}