semivivus Latin · revision 34753

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [seː.mɪˈwiː.wʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [se.miˈviː.vus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sēmivīvus''' (feminine sēmivīva, neuter sēmivīvum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|sēmi-|vīvus|t1=half|t2=alive]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Cicero's Verrines, of a freeborn man tortured with smoke and left half-alive.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means more dead than alive, of people and bodies, in Cicero, Nepos, Curtius, Seneca and Apuleius;^(OLD 2012) in Cicero's ''Pro Tullio'' the stress falls on the life that remains.^(OLD 2012) Cicero also uses it figuratively of the faint, half-hearted voices of hired men.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The Vulgate uses it at Luke 10:30.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In British Medieval Latin it kept its sense, and Aldhelm uses it as a noun.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a man left half-alive and of half-hearted voices.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 100–24 BC – Nepos uses it too.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate has it at Luke 10:30.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 639–709 AD – Aldhelm uses it as a noun.^(DMLBS)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|half-alive|alt=Half-alive]], half-dead, more dead than alive.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(figurative)'' Of the voice, faint, [[m|en|languid]], half-hearted.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vīvus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Lewis & Short give [[sēmianimis]] as a synonym.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}