quandocumque Latin · revision 34738

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=la quandō, la cumque}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kʷan.doːˈkʊŋ.kʷɛ]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [kʷan.doˈkum.kʷe]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''quandōcumque''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''quandōcunque''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|quandō|cumque|t1=when|t2=-ever]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis and Short cite Cato, as quoted by Pliny the Elder: ''quandōcumque ista gēns suās litterās dabit'', “whenever that people gives us its literature”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) The earliest instance the OLD cites is in the ''Alexandrian War'', “whenever chance offered”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As a relative adverb it means at whatever time, whenever, as often as: Horace has ''quandōcumque trahunt invīsa negōtia Rōmam'', “whenever hateful business drags me to Rome”, and Propertius “whenever the fates demand back my life”.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Lewis and Short note that it is mostly poetic.^(Lewis & Short 1879) As an indefinite adverb it means at some time or other: in Ovid one character threatens another, ''quandōcumque mihi poenās dabis!'', “some day you will pay me for this!”.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ Medieval writers used it in both senses:^(DMLBS) Boniface writes in a letter of 716 of sins committed “whenever” in word or deed, and Alcuin of a hoped-for future, “if ever”.^(DMLBS) Ecclesiastical Latin also used it as a conjunction, “no matter when”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it, as quoted by Pliny the Elder.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it, once split by tmesis.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it indefinitely, “some day”.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ * 716 – Boniface uses it in a letter.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # (relative) At whatever time, [[m|en|whenever]], as often as.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # (indefinite) At some time or other, at any time; in due time.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[quandōque]]

+ * [[quandō]]

+ * [[cumque]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Horace splits it by tmesis, ''quandō cōnsūmet cumque'', “some day he will finish him off”.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Terentianus Maurus scans it with a short final ⟨o⟩ in ''quandŏ''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}