supersto Latin · revision 34732

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=86–34 BC, Sallust|origins=la stō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [sʊˈpɛr.stoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [suˈpɛr.sto]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''superstō''' (present infinitive superstāre, perfect active superstetī); first conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|super-|stō|t1=over, above|t2=to stand]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|stō]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*sta-ē-je/o-|t=to stand, be standing]] and [[ine-pro|*sth₂-eh₁-ie/o-|t=to stand]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first example is from Sallust, who writes of men who had been standing on scaling ladders and were dashed down when the ladders broke.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Livy uses it often, of men standing on a heap of the slain, on a hill or on rocks, of a mound that collapsed under the weight of those standing on it, and of statues standing on columns.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Suetonius has it of an altar standing on top of a marble base.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ The poets use it of standing over someone who lies on the ground: Virgil of standing over a fallen man to kill him, and Statius of a lioness standing over her cubs.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) It takes the dative, the ablative or, in this sense, the accusative.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust uses it of men standing on ladders.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it transitively, of standing over a fallen man.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of men on heaps of corpses, hills and rocks.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * c. 45–96 AD – Statius uses it of a lioness standing over her cubs.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|stand]] on top of something, stand upon.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To stand over someone lying on the ground.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[superstes]]

+ * [[superstitiō]]

+ * [[stō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Lewis and Short think it was perhaps not used before Augustus,^(Lewis & Short 1879) but the OLD cites it from Sallust.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}