revinco Latin · revision 34720

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=la vincō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [rɛˈwɪŋ.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [reˈviŋ.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''revincō''' (present infinitive revincere, perfect active revīcī, supine revictum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|re-|vincō|t2=to conquer]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|vincō]] to [[itc-pro|*wink-|t=to tie, bind; overcome]] and [[ine-pro|*ui-n-k-|t=to bend, tie]], probably the root of [[m|la|vinciō|t=to bind]] too.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its earliest examples are in Lucretius, who uses it of the force of fire being overcome in its turn^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) and asks whether the nose or the eyes could refute the sense of touch.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis and Short find the literal sense, “to conquer in turn, subdue”, only in poetry and in Tacitus:^(Lewis & Short 1879) Horace has victorious hordes overcome by a young man's plans, and Tacitus a conspiracy that was put down.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) The usual classical sense was legal or argumentative, “to refute, convict”: Cicero says a man will never be refuted by his own or his friends' judgement, Livy has charges disproved by facts, and Tacitus a man convicted by the leading citizens.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Apuleius uses it often in his ''Apology'', where he says anyone innocent can be accused but only the guilty can be convicted.^(OLD 2012) The jurist Ulpian has a guardian convicted of lying,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and the Vulgate uses it in the Acts of the Apostles.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Ecclesiastical dictionaries also give “to subdue again”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of forces overcome in turn and of refuting the senses.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of refuting a man.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of hordes conquered in their turn.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it of convicting the guilty.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 223 AD – Ulpian uses it of a guardian convicted of lying.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|conquer]] or overcome in one's turn; to defeat (a claimant); to talk over.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To [[m|en|refute]] a person or a charge, prove false.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To [[m|en|convict]], prove guilty.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vincō]]

+ * [[convincō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}