complodo Latin · revision 34701

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=4 BC–65 AD, Seneca|origins=la plaudō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɔmˈpɫoː.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [komˈplɔː.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''complōdō''' (present infinitive complōdere, perfect active complōsī, supine complōsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ A spelling ''complaudō'' appears in manuscripts of Tertullian, Paulinus of Nola and the Itala, though the readings are uncertain.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|con-|plaudō|t2=to clap the hands]].^(OLD 2012)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) De Vaan tentatively derives [[m|la|plaudō]] from a noun for the palm of the hand, [[ine-pro|*plh₂-u-]];^(de Vaan 2008) he finds it uncertain whether ⟨ō⟩ or ⟨au⟩ is the older vowel of that verb, but thinks ⟨au⟩ more likely.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short find it only in post-Augustan prose;^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca lists hands often clapped together among the signs of anger, and Petronius has hands clapped in laughter.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It always meant striking the hands together, as a sign of joy, grief, astonishment or anger.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Quintilian warns an orator that clapping the hands is a gesture for the stage, and Lucan has hands kept folded, of someone who stands idle.^(Georges 1913)^(TLL) Apuleius uses it of grief.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ In Christian Latin it occurs in the Vulgate, in Numbers and Ezekiel, and Jerome speaks of clapping the hands in horror;^(TLL) the Itala uses it without an object, for “make a din”.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of hands clapped in anger.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 66 AD – Petronius uses it of hands clapped in laughter.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian calls the gesture theatrical.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it in Numbers and Ezekiel.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To strike or [[m|en|clap]] the hands together, in joy, grief, anger or surprise.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(in the passive participle, with ''teneō'')'' To keep the hands folded, stand idle.^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Late Latin, intransitive)'' To make a [[m|en|din]].^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}