diverbero Latin · revision 34700

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=la verberō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [diːˈwɛr.bɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [diˈvɛr.be.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dīverberō''' (present infinitive dīverberāre, supine dīverberātum); first conjugation, no perfect stem^(Wiktionary)

+ The OLD and Georges give a perfect ''dīverberāvī'';^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Lewis & Short record no perfect.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Manuscripts often have ''dēverberō'' instead.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dis-|verberō#1|t2=to beat, lash]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) The simple verb comes from [[m|la|verbera|t=blows, lashes]], which de Vaan takes, with the derivative [[m|la|verbēna]], to point to an old s-stem.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it first, uncertainly, in Terence, and then in Lucretius,^(TLL) who speaks of a force that would split things apart with a blow, meaning to [[m|en|cleave]] or split.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In poetry and post-Augustan prose it meant striking apart:^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lucretius has heat beating through the airy waves, Virgil an arrow cleaving the breezes and a sword striking at shades in vain, Curtius waves split by a sea beast, and Seneca air breaking up the earth.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also meant to beat hard: Apuleius has it of udders, and Lactantius of beating a slave.^(Georges 1913)^(TLL) Tertullian uses it of being beaten with a reed and fists, and Augustine reports the Epicurean view that the soul is scattered like smoke by the wind.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of a force splitting things apart.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of an arrow cleaving the air.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it for beating hard.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–317 AD – Lactantius uses it of beating a slave.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To split or part by striking, [[m|en|cleave]], [[m|en|scatter]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To strike violently, [[m|en|batter]], [[m|en|cudgel]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}