pudibundus Latin · revision 34690

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=65–8 BC, Horace|origins=itc-pro *pud-ē-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [pʊ.dɪˈbʊn.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [pu.diˈbun.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pudibundus''' (feminine pudibunda, neuter pudibundum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|pudeō|-bundus|t1=to be ashamed]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|pudeō]] to [[itc-pro|*pud-ē-|t=to be ashamed or shy]], whose further origin is unclear: a link with [[m|la|paviō|t=to strike]] or with [[ine-pro|*speud-|t=to press, hurry]] has been proposed, but the root lacks the initial /s/ and is not securely reconstructed.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It first appears in Horace,^(Köbler 2010) who in the ''Ars poetica'' says that Tragedy will mingle, somewhat shamefaced, with the wanton Satyrs; the sense is “filled with shame”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Ovid uses it of faces and of a shamed part of the body, Pliny the Elder of a peacock that is ashamed and grieving when it has lost its tail, and Statius of a day that dawns ashamed.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) From the 1st century AD it also meant “shameful”, causing shame: Valerius Flaccus has shameful deaths, the ''Laus Pisonis'' shameful jests, and Justin a shameful descent on the mother's side.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Augustine speaks of a somewhat bashful argument.^(Georges 1913) The grammarian Charisius lists it among participles, while a scholiast on Statius calls it a noun, not a participle.^(TLL)

+

+ British Medieval Latin used it of a person filled with shame, and of the parts of the body about which one should be modest;^(DMLBS) Aldhelm has the neuter plural for the private parts.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of Tragedy among the Satyrs.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of faces.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of a peacock.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 45–96 AD – Statius has a day that dawns ashamed.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Filled with [[m|en|shame]], shamefaced, [[m|en|bashful]], modest;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) (of a flower) [[m|en|blushing]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Causing shame, shameful, disgraceful.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' About which one should be modest;^(DMLBS) ''(neuter plural)'' the private parts.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pudēns]]

+ * [[pudet]]

+ * [[pudīcus]]

+ * [[pudor]]

+ * [[it|pudibondo]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}