interverto Latin · revision 34679

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *wert-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪn.tɛrˈwɛr.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [in.terˈvɛr.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''intervertō''' (present infinitive intervertere, perfect active intervertī, supine interversum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Older spelling ''intervortō'', in Plautus.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|inter-|vertō|t2=to turn]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|vertō]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*wertō]] and [[ine-pro|*wert-]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and the OLD record it first in Plautus, in the sense “to cheat, swindle”: ''unde sumam? quem intervortam?'', “where shall I get it? whom shall I swindle?”^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Plautus also uses it with an ablative, “to cheat (someone) of”, as Gellius later does of cheating an owner of his possession.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) From cheating it came to mean to embezzle: Cicero speaks of a royal gift that was embezzled, Suetonius of public revenues, and Frontinus of falsified accounts.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Tacitus says that Vitellius was believed to have squandered nine hundred million sesterces in a few months.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Cicero also uses it of a promised consulship that was set aside and of an aedileship passed over, and the jurists of rights and possession being cancelled.^(OLD 2012) The literal sense, “to turn aside, change the direction of”, is found in Vitruvius, of grooves in a triglyph, and in the ''Digest'', of diverting an aqueduct;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca uses it of upright characters that became perverted.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of cheating and swindling.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of embezzling and of setting a promise aside.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of changing the direction of grooves.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it figuratively of characters perverted.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of squandering money.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|defraud]], [[m|en|swindle]], cheat;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) with an ablative, to cheat (someone) of.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To [[m|en|embezzle]], misappropriate, purloin; to falsify (accounts).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To misuse, [[m|en|squander]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To set aside, cancel, [[m|en|revoke]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To turn aside, change the direction of, divert;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''(figurative)'' to change for the worse, pervert.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Ancient synonym lists explain it with [[subripiō|alt=subripuit]] and [[subtrahō|alt=subtraxit]].^(TLL)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}