appetens Latin · revision 34673

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la petō}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''appetēns''' (genitive ''appetentis''), comparative ''appetentior'', superlative ''appetentissimus''; third-declension one-termination adjective^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ It is also spelled ''adpetēns''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Used as an adjective, it is the present participle [[der|la|appetō|t=to reach out for, seek]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) That verb is a compound of [[m|la|ad-]] and [[m|la|petō|t=to make for, seek]],^(Wiktionary) which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*pet-e/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*pt-(e)i-|t=to fly]], with a shift of meaning from flying towards something to trying to reach it; he notes that this connection is not self-evident.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who uses it with a genitive of a person covetous of other people's goods, ''aliēnī appetēns''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ With a genitive it means eager or greedy for something: Cicero has ''appetēns gloriae'', eager for glory, and ''homō tuī appetentissimus'', a man most eager for your company.^(Georges 1913) Sallust pairs ''aliēnī appetēns'' with ''suī profūsus'', lavish with his own.^(Conte 2010) Pliny the Elder uses it of a natural appetite for a kind of food,^(OLD 2012) and later writers of a craving for food and wine.^(TLL) Used on its own it means greedy or covetous: Cicero sets a grateful mind against one that is ''nōn appetēns, nōn avidus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it was also used as a noun, of one who strives for or lays claim to something.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it with a genitive, “covetous of others' goods”, and on its own, “greedy”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust writes ''aliēnī appetēns, suī profūsus''.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of a natural appetite for food.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses the comparative ''appetentior'' with ''fāmae'', fame.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # (with genitive) Having a natural [[m|en|appetite]] for a food.^(OLD 2012)

+ # (with genitive) [[m|en|desirous|alt=Desirous]] of, [[m|en|eager]] for; eager for the company of people.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # (absolute) [[m|en|greedy|alt=Greedy]], [[m|en|covetous]].^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin, as a noun)'' One who strives for or lays claim to something.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[appetītus]]

+ * [[appetītiō]]

+ * [[petō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}