obsido Latin · revision 34652

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 180–102 BC, Lucilius|origins=ine-pro *si-sd-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɔpˈsiː.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [obˈsiː.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''obsīdō''' (present infinitive obsīdere); third conjugation, no passive, no perfect or supine stems^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ob-|sīdō|t2=to sit down, settle]].^(OLD 2012)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists it among the compounds of [[m|la|sīdō]], which goes back to [[itc-pro|*sizd-e/o-|t=to sit down]] and [[ine-pro|*si-sd-e/o-|t=to sit down]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is Lucilius, who uses it of disease: “lest decay beset the ear” (''nē auriculam obsīdat cariēs'').^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan dates it only from Lucretius.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its main sense is military, to [[m|en|besiege]] or [[m|en|blockade]]: Catullus writes of besieging the walls of Troy in a long war, and Sallust of men secretly occupying a bridge to bar the way.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Virgil uses it of blocking a pass with armed men,^(OLD 2012) and Lucretius of thick air that fills every pore and blocks the paths of the eyes.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) From this it came to mean to occupy or take possession of: Lucretius uses it of things that occupy certain parts, Virgil of occupying the lands of Italy, and Tibullus of a raider who wants to seize vast plains.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Lewis and Short call it mostly poetic.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Georges gives it the perfect ''obsēdī'' and the participle ''obsessum'',^(Georges 1913) and VOLI warns against confusing its forms with those of [[obsideo|alt=obsideō]].^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it of disease besetting the ear.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of air blocking the eyes.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it of besieging Troy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust uses it of occupying a bridge.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of occupying the lands of Italy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|besiege]], [[m|en|beleaguer]].^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # To occupy a place so as to bar a passage, [[m|en|blockade]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To occupy, take [[m|en|possession]] of.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(of disease)'' To beset, [[m|en|afflict]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The TLL treats ''obsīdō'' under [[obsideo|alt=obsideō]] “to sit, remain”.^(TLL)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}