praefulgeo Latin · revision 34649

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la fulgeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [prae̯ˈfʊɫ.ɡe.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [preˈful̠ʲ.d͡ʒe.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praefulgeō''' (present infinitive praefulgēre, perfect active praefulsī); second conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|prae-|fulgeō|t2=to shine, flash]].^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citations are a fragment of history it ascribes, with doubt, to Quadrigarius, of arms gleaming with gold, and the ''Bellum Hispaniense'', of the engraved work of shields.^(OLD 2012) In Virgil a tawny lion's skin gleams with golden claws (''praefulgēns unguibus aureīs'').^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to shine with outstanding brightness, to [[m|en|glitter]] or shine out: Phaedrus writes of the emerald sheen that shines on a peacock's neck, Seneca of a day shining with a double sun, and Silius Italicus of a ring gleaming with gold.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Lewis and Short call it rare before the Augustan period.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it means to stand out, to be [[m|en|conspicuous]] or outstanding: Livy writes that a recent triumph made someone shine, Velleius of the names of military colonies that stand out, and Tacitus of someone distinguished by the honour of a consulship or a triumph.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) Gellius uses it of horsemen gleaming with trappings.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to shine forth.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of a lion's skin gleaming with golden claws.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it figuratively, of the lustre of a triumph.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 15 BC–c. 50 AD – Phaedrus uses it of a peacock's neck.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of being distinguished by honours.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To shine with outstanding brightness, [[m|en|glitter]], gleam out.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To stand out, be [[m|en|conspicuous]] or outstanding; to outshine.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[praefulgidus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[affulgeō]]

+ * [[circumfulgeō]]

+ * [[cōnfulgeō]]

+ * [[effulgeō]]

+ * [[fulgeō]]

+ * [[interfulgeō]]

+ * [[offulgeō]]

+ * [[refulgeō]]

+ * [[suffulgeō]]

+ * [[superfulgeō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}