bubulus Latin · revision 34640

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=ine-pro *gʷeh₃-u-s}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈbuː.bʊ.ɫʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈbuː.bu.lus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''būbulus''' (feminine būbula, neuter būbulum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Petronius has the syncopated ''bublum''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|bōs|-ulus|t1=ox, cow]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) The formation is obscure: the base ⟨būb-⟩, also found in [[būbīle]] and [[m|la|Būbōna|t=goddess of cattle]], has an unexpected second ⟨b⟩, and ⟨-ulus⟩ does not usually make adjectives from nouns.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ The word for “ox” goes back to [[ine-pro|*gʷeh₃-u-s|t=cow]]; its initial ⟨b⟩ is not the regular Latin outcome of /gʷ/ and is generally taken from Sabellic.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Naevius has it first,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) in a comedy fragment, of an oxtail.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Plautus jokes about ox-hide whips as ''exuviae bubulae'' and ''coria bubula'', and about lashes as ''monumenta bubula''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cato writes of cattle dung and of the plant ''lingua bubula'', a kind of bugloss.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Later prose has cow's milk, beef, ox-hide wineskins and ox horn, especially in medicine.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The feminine was used as a noun for beef from Plautus on.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Suetonius places the birth of Augustus ''ad Capita Bubula'', a district of Rome.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In medieval British Latin Bede speaks of an ox-like gentleness.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it of an oxtail.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus jokes about ox-hide whips.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of dung and of the plant ''lingua bubula''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of cattle dung burnt for fuel.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of beef and ox-hide bags.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius names the district ''Capita Bubula''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of [[m|en|cattle]]; of an [[m|en|ox]], bull or cow.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Made from part of a bovine animal; of [[m|en|oxhide]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''exuviae bubulae'', ''coria bubula'', ox-hide whips (humorous).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # In plant names: ''lingua bubula'', a kind of [[m|en|bugloss]];^(OLD 2012) ''cunila bubula'', a kind of [[m|en|marjoram]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''Capita Bubula'', a district of Rome.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[būbula]]

+ * [[būbulīnus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[bōs]]

+ * [[bubulcus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}