convolo Latin · revision 34587

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=itc-pro *gʷela-je/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈkɔn.wɔ.ɫoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈkɔɱ.vo.lo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''convolō''' (present infinitive convolāre, perfect active convolāvī, supine convolātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|con-|volō#2|t2=to fly]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan derives [[m|la|volō#2]] from [[itc-pro|*gʷela-je/o-]], and finds it conceivable that this goes back to [[ine-pro|*gʷelh₁-|t=to raise the arm, throw]], the root of [[grc|βάλλω|tr=bállō|t=to throw]], though Walde and Hofmann rejected the connection.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Terence on,^(TLL) who has ''populus convolat'', “the people come flocking together”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is used of people hastening together: Cicero has those who flocked from all Italy to bring him back, and furies who flock as if to the funeral of the republic;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy has a crowd rushing to the consuls' chairs, and Ovid ''convolat omnis turba''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In later Latin it also means to have recourse to something: in the Digest a testator turns to a second legatee, the Code of Justinian uses it of proceeding to a second marriage, and Sulpicius Severus of hastening to baptism.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ Medieval writers used it of people and birds flocking together or hastening somewhere, and of the dead passing to their eternal home, as of a pope in the Annals of Piacenza; it also meant to turn to someone for help.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of a crowd flocking together.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of people flocking from all Italy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of a crowd rushing to the consuls.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * first half of the 3rd century AD – The jurist Paulus uses it of a testator turning to a second legatee.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1159 – The Annals of Piacenza use it of a pope passing to heaven.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|flock]] together, assemble rapidly; to hasten (to a place).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(transferred)'' To have [[m|en|recourse]] to, turn to (an expedient, a second marriage).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' To turn to (someone) for help.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The MLW records a separate medieval verb ''convolo'', ''convelle'', “to agree unanimously”, from the Annals of Piacenza (1271).^(MLW)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}