dilanio Latin · revision 34584

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la lanius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [diːˈɫa.ni.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [diˈlaː.ni.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dīlaniō''' (present infinitive dīlaniāre, perfect active dīlaniāvī, supine dīlaniātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dis-|laniō|t2=to tear, mangle]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) The verb comes from [[m|la|lanius|t=butcher]].^(de Vaan 2008) Walde and Hofmann took that family to be Etruscan, which de Vaan finds rash; he prefers a connection with [[ine-pro|*lem(H)-|t=to break]], the butcher being the “breaker” of bones.^(de Vaan 2008) Ancient grammarians, as reported in Paulus' epitome of Festus, explained ⟨delaniare⟩ as tearing apart as if pulling wool.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL dates it from Cicero and Lucretius;^(TLL) in a verse fragment of Cicero the attendant of Jupiter tears the speaker with hooked claws.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to tear to pieces: Cicero speaks of Clodius' bloody corpse left to be torn by dogs, and Ovid and Tacitus use it of bodies, limbs and clothing.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) Lucretius uses it of the soul being torn apart and scattered.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) From Lactantius on it is used figuratively of tormenting or harassing someone.^(TLL) Stelten's Ecclesiastical Latin glosses add “slander”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of the soul torn apart.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a corpse left to the dogs.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of living limbs and of torn hair.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of bodies and clothing.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|tear]] to pieces, rend [[m|en|asunder]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To [[m|en|torment]], harass.^(TLL)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To [[m|en|slander]].^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Medieval British writers also had a noun ''dilanio'' “butcher”.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}