angusto Latin · revision 34554

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81/79–52/50 BC, Catullus|origins=ine-pro *h₂emǵʰ-os-to-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [aŋˈɡʊs.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [aŋˈɡus.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''angustō''' (present infinitive angustāre, perfect active angustāvī, supine angustātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|angustus|-ō|t1=narrow]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The adjective goes back to [[itc-pro|*angosto-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂emǵʰ-os-to-|t=characterized by narrowness]], built on the s-stem noun behind [[m|la|angor|t=anxiety]];^(de Vaan 2008) it belongs with [[m|la|angō|t=to squeeze, choke]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Catullus has it in poem 64 of a river whose course is choked with heaps of slain bodies: ''iter caesis angustans corporum acervis''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the first century AD it was used of narrowing in space: Lucan of a town that narrows the jaws of the sea, Pomponius Mela of lands that close in, and Pliny the Elder of a well that narrows at the mouth.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Statius uses it of choking the breath of a monster.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca uses it of a crowd of slaves that makes even a large house cramped, and figuratively of cutting down one's property and of limiting one's joys.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it of a river choked with bodies.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of crowding and of restricting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of a well narrowing at the mouth.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 45–96 AD – Statius uses it of strangling.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To make [[m|en|narrow]], reduce in width.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To [[m|en|constrict]], [[m|en|strangle]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To reduce in size or amount; to limit, [[m|en|restrict]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To crowd, [[m|en|choke]]; to press together.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[coangustō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[angustus]]

+ * [[angō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Lewis and Short call it post-Augustan, though they cite Catullus.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The OLD's first citation is Cicero's ''Republic'', where the earth is said to be narrowed at its poles,^(OLD 2012) but the TLL notes that the manuscripts of Macrobius, who quotes the passage, read the adjective ''angusta'', rightly in its view.^(TLL)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}