ferrugo Latin · revision 34536

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Catullus (81/79–52/50 BC)|origins=la ferrum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [fɛrˈruː.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ferˈruː.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ferrūgō''' ''f'' (genitive ferrūginis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ferrum|-ūgō|t1=iron]], formed like [[m|la|aerūgō|t=verdigris]] from [[m|la|aes|t=copper, bronze]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) De Vaan regards the word for iron itself as a loan from an unidentified source, possibly a Phoenician dialect.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Catullus,^(de Vaan 2008) who uses it for a dark Spanish dye (''ferrūgine Hibērā'').^(OLD 2012) The adjective ''ferrūgineus'' is already in Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In its earliest uses it is a colour term, for shades that range, according to the OLD, from a reddish purple to nearly black;^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Georges renders it as iron-grey, dark brown or steel-blue.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) The literal sense, iron rust, is found in Pliny the Elder, who also uses it for a rust-like skin.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Ovid uses it figuratively for the canker of envy, and the ''Laus Pisōnis'' for envy itself.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it for a dark Spanish dye.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it as a colour term.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of the rusty hand of Envy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it for iron rust.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Iron [[m|en|rust]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A rust-like coating or skin.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A dark colour, from reddish purple to nearly black; [[m|en|dusk|alt=dusky]] hue.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(figurative)'' Moral [[m|en|canker]]; [[m|en|envy]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ferruginans]]

+ * [[ferrūgineus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Servius explains the word in Virgil as properly the “scab” of iron, a purple darker than the Spanish.^(TLL) L&S gives [[aerūgō]] and [[rōbīgō]] as synonyms for rust.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}