hinnitus Latin · revision 34526

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Lucilius (c. 180–102 BC)|origins=la hinniō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [hɪnˈniː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [inˈniː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''hinnītus''' ''m'' (genitive hinnītūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|hinniō|-tus|t1=to neigh]], an action noun.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The verb is imitative.^(Wiktionary) De Vaan counts it among the verbs of sound in ⟨-īre⟩, with [[m|la|glōciō|t=to cluck]] and [[m|la|grundiō|t=to grunt]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The earliest example is Lucilius' ''quantum hinnītum!'' “what a neighing!”, used of sounds made by people.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the usual word for the neighing of horses in Cicero, Lucretius, Virgil and Horace.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) The plural is used from Ovid on.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The grammarians cite it as a word named from its own sound.^(TLL)

+

+ In the Vulgate it is also used of human sounds, in Jeremiah.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it of human sounds.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero tells of a neigh heard suddenly.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses the plural.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it in Job and Jeremiah.^(TLL)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|neigh|alt=Neighing]], the cry of a [[m|en|horse]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(figurative)'' A sound made by people likened to neighing.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[hinniō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ In Job 39:19 the Vulgate has ''circumdabis collō equī hinnītum?'', a mistranslation of a Hebrew word that means trembling or terror.^(TLL)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}