palliolum Latin · revision 34508

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la palla}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [palˈli.ɔ.ɫũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [palˈliː.o.lum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''palliolum''' ''n'' (genitive palliolī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Also spelled ''paliolum'' and ''paleolum'' in manuscripts and glossaries.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|pallium|-olum|t1=cloak, mantle]], a colloquial diminutive.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists [[m|la|pallium]] among the derivatives of [[m|la|palla|t=mantle]], for which he finds no etymology; it may be a loanword.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and the TLL record it from Plautus on.^(Köbler 2010)^(TLL) In the ''Epidicus'' a character is told ''palliolum in collum conice'', “throw your little cloak round your neck”, and in the ''Miles gloriosus'' one is to wear a rust-coloured ''palliolum'' fastened on the left shoulder.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a small Greek mantle, especially the philosopher's.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) A line of Caecilius quoted by Cicero says that wisdom is often found under a shabby little cloak, ''sub palliolo sordido''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Varro uses it in describing other garments.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It also named a covering for the head, a hood: Ovid advises a lover not to think it shameful to put a ''palliolum'' on his hair, and Quintilian says that only ill health excuses one, as it does bandages and mufflers.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)^(TLL) Seneca uses it of thin people wrapped in a hood and neckcloth, and Jerome in rules for sick monks.^(TLL)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it was also a small altar-cloth.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it for a cloak thrown round the neck.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 230/220–168 BC – Caecilius speaks of wisdom under a shabby ''palliolum''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it for a covering for the head.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian says only ill health excuses wearing one.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 383–419/420 AD – Jerome uses it in rules for sick monks.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A small [[m|en|cloak]] or [[m|en|mantle]] of the Greek kind.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # A covering for the head, a [[m|en|hood]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A small [[m|en|altar cloth|alt=altar-cloth]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[palliolātim]]

+ * [[palliolātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pallium]]

+ * [[palla]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}