aggero Latin · revision 34504

+ {{homograph|1|bring, carry to}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la gerō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈaɡ.ɡɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈad.d͡ʒe.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aggerō''' (present infinitive aggerere, perfect active aggessī, supine aggestum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Also spelled ''adgerō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The verb “bring” is [[af|la|ad-|gerō|t1=to, towards|t2=to carry, bear]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists it, from Plautus on, among the compounds of [[m|la|gerō]], which he traces to [[ine-pro|*h₂ǵ-es-|t=to carry]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL counts the gerundive ''aggerunda'' three times in Plautus,^(TLL) as in the ''Poenulus'': ''aggerunda … aqua sunt viri duo defessi'', “two men are worn out with fetching water”.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is to bring, carry or fetch something to a place: Varro has small fish brought in, and Cicero mud and silt carried up.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Georges 1913) Mixed with the first-conjugation verb from [[m|la|agger]] it came to mean to heap or pile up: Caesar has earth heaped against piles to hold the water, and Virgil earth heaped on a tomb.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Figuratively it is to heap on or lavish, as Tacitus has accusations piled even on the innocent, and Seneca uses it of feeding flames.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses ''aggerunda aqua'', water to be fetched.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of small fish being brought in.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of earth heaped up against piles.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of charges heaped on the innocent.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|bring]], carry or [[m|en|fetch]] (to or up to a place).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To push close up against something.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To heap or pile up (on or into); to [[m|en|accumulate]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To heap on, lavish (accusations, benefits); to feed (flames).^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[aggestus]]

+ * [[aggestiō]]

+

+ {{homograph|2|heap up}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la agger}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈaɡ.ɡɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈad.d͡ʒe.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aggerō''' (present infinitive aggerāre, perfect active aggerāvī, supine aggerātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Also spelled ''adgerō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The verb “heap up” is [[der|la|agger|t=heap of earth, rampart]], a first-conjugation verb made from the noun.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The grammarian Eutyches already explained that the noun comes from the third-conjugation verb and this verb from the noun.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL's first quotation is from Virgil's ''Georgics'', where Tisiphone heaps up bodies dissolving in foul decay (''aggerat … cadavera'').^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its basic sense is to pile things into a heap, as Virgil has prizes heaped up, and Tacitus bones scattered or heaped.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) It is also to build up a road or a structure by piling material, as Tacitus has a causeway once raised by Lucius Domitius, and Vitruvius bricks easily built up.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Columella uses it of earthing up trees and plants, and of filling or covering something plentifully.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Phaedrus has a miser adding pennies to his estate.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ Figuratively it is to reinforce or intensify: Virgil has ''aggerat iras'', heaps up anger, and Silius uses it of exaggerating disasters in speech.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of heaped-up corpses and prizes, and of mounting anger.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 15 BC–c. 50 AD – Phaedrus uses it of adding money to an estate.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of earthing up trees.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a causeway built up through marshes.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To heap up (something against or over another thing); to add by [[m|en|accumulation]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|pile]] up, form into a heap.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To build up (a road or structure) by piling material.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(agriculture)'' To [[m|en|earth up]] (a tree or plant).^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To fill or cover plentifully (with something).^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # To reinforce, [[m|en|intensify]]; to [[m|en|exaggerate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[adaggerō]]

+ * [[aggerātim]]

+ * [[aggerātiō]]

+ * [[circumaggerō]]

+ * [[coaggerō]]

+ * [[exaggerō]]

+ * [[superaggerō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[agger]]

+ * [[gerō]]

+ * [[congerō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}