scarus Latin · revision 34476

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=grc σκάρος}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈska.rʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈskaː.rus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''scarus''' ''m'' (genitive scarī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Ennius has the form ''scārus'' with a long ''a''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|σκάρος|tr=skáros|t=a sea fish]].^(OLD 2012)^(Saalfeld 1874)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler compares the Greek word with the root [[ine-pro|*sker-|t=to move, leap]].^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and Georges record it first in Ennius,^(Köbler 2010)^(Georges 1913) in a line that Apuleius quotes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It names a sea fish much prized by the Romans,^(Lewis & Short 1879) which the OLD identifies as the parrot-wrasse and Georges as the common parrotfish.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Horace mentions it twice, and Pliny the Elder, Columella and Martial also write of it;^(Lewis & Short 1879) Suetonius mentions the livers of these fish.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Caelius Aurelianus uses the word, and an inscription shows four of the fish as a picture.^(Georges 1913) Medieval writers in Britain still use it, also in the spelling ''scaurus'', of a fish that tries to escape from a wicker trap, and a later word list glosses it as the gilthead.^(DMLBS) It survives as [[it|scaro]] and [[es|escaro]], was borrowed as [[fr|scare]], and serves as the scientific name of the parrotfish genus ''Scarus''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius names the fish in a line quoted by Apuleius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace mentions it in the ''Satires'' and ''Epodes''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder writes about it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius mentions the livers of these fish.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Medieval Latin – British writers use it of a fish caught in a trap.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A sea fish prized as food, the parrot-wrasse or [[m|en|parrotfish]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A fish glossed as the [[m|en|gilthead]].^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}