tabidus Latin · revision 34473

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la tābeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈtaː.bɪ.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈtaː.bi.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tābidus''' (feminine tābida, neuter tābidum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|tābeō|-idus|t1=to melt, waste away]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|tābeō]] to [[itc-pro|*tāf-ē-|t=to be melting]] and [[ine-pro|*teh2-bh-eh1-|t=to be melting]]; the sense to melt developed into to waste away, which underlies all later Latin uses.^(de Vaan 2008) He gives the cognates [[sga|taïd|t=to melt, dissolve]] and [[grc|τήκω|tr=tḗkō|t=to melt]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Virgil,^(Köbler 2010) who speaks in the ''Aeneid'' of a wasting plague that suddenly came on limbs, trees and crops (''tabida … lues'').^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis and Short note that it is perhaps not found before the Augustan age.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy uses it of melting snow, and Ovid of his mind wasting away like water flowing from snow;^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Seneca and Suetonius use it of wasting, emaciated creatures.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) It also means rotting or decaying, of blood, a liver, and a corpse in Suetonius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Actively it describes what makes things waste: Ovid's wasting old age that consumes iron and stone, and in Tacitus a slow, wasting poison.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Augustine uses the comparative of a spider and its web, as things that waste away.^(Georges 1913) In Ecclesiastical Latin it means decaying, melting, consuming, pining, wasting.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval writers in Britain use it of people growing weak or in poor health, and of putrefying flesh.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of a wasting plague.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of melting snow.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of a mind wasting away and of wasting old age.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine uses the comparative ''tabidius''.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Medieval Latin – British writers use it of languishing people and rotting flesh.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Wasting away, becoming [[m|en|emaciated]]; melting, dissolving.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # [[m|en|putrefy|alt=Putrefying]], [[m|en|rot|alt=rotting]], decaying.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Causing wasting, [[m|en|consume|alt=consuming]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Languishing, in poor health.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[subtabidus]]

+ * [[tābidōsus]]

+ * [[tābidulus]]

+ * [[tabiosus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}